Evaluating the Impacts of Green Space Parameters on Bird Species Richness of City Parks (Case Study:Mashhad City)

The primary purpose of park design is to improve the environment, bring together community members, and create a space for fun and entertainment, but the point that has received less attention in the design of parks is to preserve the biodiversity of animal species in cities. Birds tell the ecological situation of their environment. Therefore, in this research, the diversity and richness of bird species in different parks of Mashhad city were evaluated, and the effect of green space variables and land features on the presence of different populations of bird species was evaluated. For this purpose, 11 parks were selected based on the area and spatial distribution suitable for the geographical location. Then, based on the area of the park, between 3 and 92 sampling points were selected and birds were observed up to a radius of 50 meters. Kolmogorov-Smirnov method was used for data normalization and multivariate regression method was used for data analysis in Minitab software. The results of this research showed that by removing the variables with high correlation, the remaining independent variables have a direct effect on increasing the bird’s species richness. As the area of the parks increases, the density of the edge increases and it accommodates a greater variety of birds. With the increase in the age of the park, the age of tree and shrub species has increased, and despite the variety of trees, shrubs and grasses, proper landscaping has resulted in a rich micro-economy, and finally, increased the bird species richness.