The Approach of Islamic Style in the Intellectual and Intuitive Knowledge of Suhrawardi and Mulla Sadra

Undoubtedly, among various philosophical topics, issuesrelated to perception and knowledge have been the place ofcontroversy and battle of opinions more than any other topic. Thismatter has fully crystallized and reached its peak among Westernphilosophers, especially during the last few centuries; Analyzing therelationship between faith and Islamic knowledge is one of the mostimportant issues of religious anthropology.

Contemporary epistemologists have ananalytical approach to knowledge. The problem of analyzing ordefining knowledge is one of the most difficult and disputed topicsin contemporary epistemology. In some cases, the goal is the way aperson acquires knowledge, which is a psychological matter.Sometimes, what is meant is what conditions must be prepared inorder to achieve knowledge, so that we can achieve the goal, whichis the responsibility of the philosopher and is possible through thephilosophical analysis of knowledge.

Many epistemologists are not satisfied with explainingthe meaning of the word and do not focus on its philosophicalanalysis. In epistemology, the psychological approach is out of thescope of discussion. In relation to the issue of the ways of obtainingknowledge and knowledge, rationalists generally believe that themind has a set of instincts that provide the basis for previousknowledge, but empiricists deny that such instincts exist. Knowingthe truth of science and perception and how to achieve perceptionsin general, and intellectual perceptions in particular, has beenassigned a special place in the thought of Muslim philosophers andsages for a long time. Sadr al-Mutalahin is one of the Muslimphilosophers who has dealt with this issue extensively anddifferently from other philosophers.

In this article, the authors intend to use analyticaldescriptive method to explain the fundamental principles of Sadra'sIslamic thought about science, to explain three apparently differenttheories from Mulla Sadra regarding the quality of obtaining rationalperceptions or rationality and intuition in the style of Suhrawardi'sIslamic thought. The sum between these two theories and itsreference to the various evolutions and developments of the soulshould also be discussed.