A Comparative Study of Microcosm in Western Thought and Islamic Thought, Focusing on the Opinions of Hegel and MullaSadra

The purpose of this study is to compare cosmic wisdom from theperspective of Hegel and Mulla Sadra.

The research method in this research isdescriptive-analytical and its purpose is applied. Its implementation wasdone by documentary method and content analysis. The tools for collectinginformation were receipts and checklists. In order to collect data, sourcesrelated to Mulla Sadra's philosophy, Hegel's philosophy and cosmicwisdom, such as books, articles, theses and digital texts, were used. Andthen, after collecting the relevant information from different sources, it hasbeen analyzed in a descriptive and analytical way.

Based on the findings of the research, it can be said thatintelligence is usually considered one of the definite characteristics ofhuman nature and is closely related to activities specific to humans, suchas: philosophy, science, language. Sometimes the terms rationality orwisdom are used to refer to reason. The cosmic wisdom that is beingdiscussed here is the universal wisdom or total wisdom. Cosmic wisdom inHegel's thought is the concept of (absolute spirit), (absolute intellect),(absolute mind), (universal intellect), and (divine intellect, the originalintellect of consciousness). Microcosm in Mulla Sadra's thought is thesame concept (speaking soul, active intellect, general intellect, absoluteintellect).

Hegel considers cosmic wisdom in understanding anddiscovering the reason or direction of reasonableness. He continues thispath to reach the cause of the world, because no prior cause can be foundfor it, but Mullah Sadra sees cosmic wisdom in passing through themonstrous intellect and He considers wisdom as wisdom and wisdom asuseful, and finally, the acquisition and understanding of active intellect.Mulla Sadra believed in the originality of existence and Hagel believed inthe originality of the soul, that the highest level of existence in MullaSadra's view is the absolute existence and the absolute existence, which isthe same as the absolute soul in terms of meaning. Both believed in themovement of degrees. Hegel considers the world to be God's thought andcosmic wisdom, and the soul in Hegel's philosophy remains the soul inMulla Sadra's thought. Hegel also deals with the issue of freedom and therelationship between politics and the state, but Mulla Sadra has givenspecial importance to the relationship between the soul and the cosmicwisdom. Hegel considers freedom dependent on obeying the laws ofpolitics, but Mulla Sadra interprets freedom as reaching active reason. Thefirst role and task of the cosmic wisdom is the creation of the soul. Thesecond task and role of the active mind is in the area of the ego, especiallythe role of the active mind in the rationalization and implementation of thestages of the theoretical mind. The third role of cosmic wisdom is the rolethat it has in the issue of prophecy and revelation. From the point of viewof Mulla Sadra, reason is one of the pillars of prophecy and revelation tothe extent that it accepts the title of the king of revelation. From the pointof view of Mulla Sadra, the cosmic wisdom regulates the communicationof the speaking soul with the unseen world in sleep or wakefulness.