Iran's defense-security strategies in securing the security of the Kharg Island oil industry in Iraq's imposed war against Iran

Kharg Island was considered an important and very strategic terminal from the point of view of Iran's oil exports during the imposed war in Iraq. Baathist regime of Iraq tried hard to destroy it and make it non-operational. Attacks on Kharg Island's oil export terminals began in October 1980, but all-out attacks to stop oil exports took place in 11985. Since the export terminal of Khark Island was the most important export terminal and source of income for the country and 94% of oil exports were carried out from there, adopting defense-security strategies for the Khark oil industry was vital for the country.This article seeks to answer the question of what were the most important defense-security strategies to maintain the security of foreign oil facilities in the face of the attacks of the Iraqi Baathist regime and the continuation of oil exports?The findings of the research show that a series of strategies and tactics were implemented to defend the security of oil systems and the continuation of exports. First, "Khark Defense Strategic Headquarters" was formed with the presence of political, economic and military institutions. The creation of defense structures, the establishment of the island's air defense, the use of active and passive defenses, the use of floating spheres, the formation of a fire rescue group, the change in the route of oil tankers were among the strategies and tactics used during the war, which made Kharg Island an "island". "Sustainability" continued Iran's transformation and oil export from this island.