Analyzing the element of surprise in the works of O. Henry and Mohammad Ali Jamalzadeh

Surprise or the sudden twist in the story is one of the important elements in plot. O. Henry, one of the greatest short story writers in the world, is famous for using gentleness, playing with words, characterization and surprising and intelligent ending at the end of his stories. On the other hand, Jamalzadeh is one of the leading writers in contemporary fiction literature, who has finished some of his stories with this element. In this research, the surprise and commonalities and differences of this element in the short stories of O.Henry and Jamalzadeh have been investigated with descriptive-analytical method. A case study in this essay is three short stories by O. Henry(The Cop And The Anthem,Pendulum,The Last Leaf) and three short stories by Mohammad Ali Jamalzadeh (Roast Goose,Shoehorn,Aunt Bear 's Friendship). The findings of the research show that the element of surprise is evident in the works of both authors, with the difference that the surprise in O. Henry's stories is stronger than Jamalzadeh's works in terms of cause and effect relationships, and this causes the creation of Plot. have become more powerful in his stories.