The effect of menstrual phases on hemodynamic changes of patients during laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery

There are contradictory results regarding the effects of the menstrual cycle on changes in blood pressure, heart rate, ventilation, and oxytocin hormone during anesthesia in patients who are candidates for laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery. Therefore, the present study was performed with aim to investigate the effect of menstrual phases on the hemodynamic changes of patients during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2018 on 100 patients who were candidates for laparoscopic cholecystectomy referred to Imam Reza Hospital (affiliated to Tabriz University of Medical Sciences). Patients were divided into two groups: luteal phase and follicular phase. Hemodynamic parameters, including heart rate, blood pressure, arterial oxygen saturation, and end-expiratory CO2 were compared between these groups. Demographic information and hemodynamic status before and during anesthesia were recorded in a researcher-made checklist. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 22) and t-test, chi-square, and repeated measures tests. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

According to the results of t-test, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups at any time in the mean arterial pressure, end-expiratory CO2, and arterial oxygen saturation (P>0.05). However, according to the results of repeated measures tests, the mean arterial pressure changes during the study were significantly higher in the follicular phase group (P=0.031) than in the luteal phase group (P=0.059). Also, according to the results of t-test, the comparison of the heart rate status between the two groups did not show a significant statistical difference at any time (P˃0.05); However, according to the results of repeated measures tests, heart rate changes during the study were significantly higher in the follicular phase group (P=0.019) than in the luteal phase group (P=0.126).

Menstrual cycle significantly affects hemodynamic parameters during anesthesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. These changes are more pronounced during the follicular phase compared to the luteal phase.