Improving the Design Principles of Smart Facades in Office Buildings Using the Internet of Things Method

The studies on facade design in architecture are extensive. In recent years, architects have increasingly focused on designing intelligent facades that interact with environmental factors. The limitation of energy resources and the increasing consumption of it has led to the use of Smart Technologies to transmit information packets in an integrated network that saves time and money. This article examines the Smart Facade technology, emphasizing the use of the Internet of Things method by the software available in smartphones, computers, etc., for the direct integration of the physical world and computer systems and the ability to control and manage remotely by systems connected to the Internet. The ideal goal of the project is the realization and sustainable development in architecture using modern systems. The main goal is to design Smart Facades in office buildings using the Internet of Things method using parametric architecture. The sub-goals to reach the general goal are: 1-Utilizing advanced technologies in the construction of office buildings; technologies that offer advantages for society. Such technologies are still in the pre-competitive stage and can be chosen for investment. 2- Identifying strategic research areas and designing a suitable space where information is extracted for the future of the human race. This research will be a study ground for solving the experienced current or future scientific problems. Therefore, the use of smart parametric technology by using the Internet of Things is part of the active solar method. In this method, it is possible to use the new technology and tools of a wide range of sensors to store energy and control bioclimatic conditions. Today, By ​​adding sensors to objects and transferring the desired data, it’s possible to control energy and improve the quality of human life. A continuous network of information that communicates with each other through the Internet can be called the Internet of Things. By using the function of the Internet of Things in buildings, it is possible to provide comfort and well-being for residents and users through the control of electricity flow, internal temperature, and smart alarm systems. It is possible to optimize energy consumption by designing such buildings. The current communication of remote broadcasting as the basic thought of this idea is inevitable. Proximity is a set of things or items around us, for example, radio frequency identification tags, sensors, actuators, mobile phones, etc. that can communicate with each other and cooperate with their neighbors to achieve common goals. This research uses two methods documentary and descriptive research. The theoretical foundations have been extracted using library tools, and the method of content analysis has conducted a review of documents and sources. The proposed building of the fourth educational block at the Tehran University of Science and Research was presented as an example of this research. Therefore, parametric architecture was considered as an independent variable, and exposure control of office spaces as a dependent variable. First, the information needed for the current research was examined by reviewing the data. Then, through the method of qualitative content and case study, through analysis and logical reasoning, an overview of the improvement in the amount of energy storage of the smart facade was carried out in the Block four-educational building, Tehran University of Science and Research. Also, based on the conducted studies, new methods were presented to respond to the needs of people in office buildings built in climatic and environmental conditions; by evaluating valid documents and examples used in architecture, the most efficient technology is determined by human needs and aimed at improving their quality of life. The process of turning into qualities is the final goal of this research. This method was used to identify the main and sub-categories of human needs and expectations from space, answered with the help of technology and through the Internet of Things method. This method is mostly used in the process of research, integrated research, examining the image of reality, and examining the degree of conformity of programs with structural and content characteristics. The research findings show a purposeful relationship between the building shell and energy control in such a way that designing these types of shells for the facade, is completely separate from it. It is possible to control excess light and heat, through wireless technologies and radio frequencies, and because of energy storage and even its production, it is possible to cover building costs and energy consumption. With these types of designs, buildings can be provided in harmony with the surrounding environment. In this way, moving shells play a significant role in controlling energy consumption and storing it because of their ability to change in different conditions.