Conflict between religious identity and social and cultural differences in the political power structure of Syria

With the beginning of the Syrian crisis and the formation and strengthening of the multi-polar space, with the opening of new social gaps during the Arab Spring, political, ideological, economic and social differences appeared at once. Although this dispute was formed against the rule of Bashar al-Assad, it became a fundamental factor for finding a difference between the opposing groups and turned the crisis of this country into a regional and international crisis. The current research is an answer to this important question: What effect and role do social and cultural gaps and differences play in the occurrence and escalation of the Syrian crisis? The hypothesis of the answer to the current question is that: the crisis of national identity, the strong dominance of the culture of ethnocentrism and ethnic sectarianism along with the intensification of takfiri currents in the absence of a common and homogeneous civil culture between ethnic groups and groups caused the Syrian crisis to strongly diverge. intense political and social and civil war moves. The current research is explained in terms of descriptive-analytical method with reference to written sources. As a result the Syrian political crisis has long-term cultural, social and political roots, and the accumulated identity conflict has caused nation-building in Syria to fail over several decades.