Examining development models of underdeveloped areas with emphasis on global experiences

In the third millennium, the challenges related to the areas left behind from development have become one of the urban crises, which finding a solution to organize and solve it is on the agenda of urban, regional and national policy and management. America, China, and the socialist countries of Europe are among the leading societies in this field, whose many programs have attracted the attention of many thinkers. These countries have put a wide range of programs on the agenda, especially after the Second World War, on this basis, this research is going to be analyzed with a descriptive analytical method and in a library form and with the understanding of the importance of this issue and the increasing urban challenges in Iran. And the review of these programs is to, on the one hand, bring about the scientific richness of these topics inside the country, and on the other hand, to extract their executive structure. The results of the research, which is based on nine executive programs, show that the initiatives of the public sector (and especially local governments) and the use of the talents of the private sector are among the main factors in the regeneration of the areas that have not been developed, with an emphasis on the marginal, stagnant and The texture is worn and in all upgrade models; Development from the top (public and private sector and non-profit organizations) and development from the bottom (local residents) have occurred. And even participatory approaches based on the capacity of local communities are less considered.