The Discourse Analysis of Spiritual Life Zones in Wayne W. Dyer and Muhammad Reza Hakimi’s Views

One characteristic of the modern age is the attempt to separate religion from the secular world, confining it to a specific aspect of life and replacing it with a new form of spirituality. This study compared the viewpoints of Muhammad Reza Hakimi and Wayne Dyer regarding the principles of spiritual life. These principles were categorized into three branches: spiritual insight, spiritual affection, and spiritual method. In terms of spiritual insight, Hakimi and Dyer had differing beliefs about God, guidance, and justice. Dyer's monotheistic system was minimalistic, while Hakimi's system was more comprehensive. However, they shared similarities in their spiritual affection although their approaches to loving God, people, and nature differed. Furthermore, their spiritual methods and practices in worship, mystical journeys, and acquiring virtues varied. Conventional forms of worship were replaced with daily meditation in Dyer's approach, whereas Hakimi emphasized individual and social divine spirituality. Dyer advocated for individual and anti-religion spirituality, while Hakimi proposed individual and social divine spirituality. Hakimi's works primarily focused on content, whereas Dyer's works were more practical and functional in nature. The methodology employed in this study was discourse analysis based on Van Dijk's theory.