Mirza Sepahsalar’s Role in the Rise of Modern Institutions for Public Law in Iran

A half-decade of Naser al-Din Shah Qajar’s era was profoundly significant for commitment to law and the emergence of modern legal institutions. These institutions, particularly the "rule of law," played a pivotal role in the rise of demands for a constitution, its legislation, and the establishment of a modern legal system. Mirza Hosein Khan Sepahsalar, a prominent political figure of this era, made significant contributions to the establishment of modern public law institutions. The central inquiry of this research is: What was Mirza Hosein Khan Sepahsalar's vision in creating these institutions? This study employs a descriptive-analytical approach to explore one of the most crucial topics in the history of public law: the evolutionary trajectory of the rule of law and its associated systems. The key finding of this research is that Mirza Sepahsalar is regarded as the pioneer in recognizing the importance of institutionalizing the rule of law and one of the earliest architects of public law in Iran. He stands unmatched in laying the groundwork for the rule of law by defining rulers' conduct through legal frameworks in the history of Iranian public law.