A Descriptive-Analytical Study of the Belief in the Existence of God and Monotheism in the Old Testament

Anyone who seeks truth and happiness acknowledges the necessity of studying God's existence and his uniqueness. This necessity is even more important considering that human’s innate nature has a tendency towards God. However, one can research this issue in the holy texts of different religions, not with “a priori” approach or seeking their rational reasons, but merely with “a posteriori” and descriptive approach; and can reach to this conclusion that the doctrine of the existence of God and monotheism is not necessary in one religion, but it is necessary in various religions. This result can be worthwhile for religious scholars. This research has tried to analyze the issue of God's existence, especially his uniqueness, in the Old Testament, using a library research method and a descriptive-analytical method. According to this research, there are numerous evidences in the Old Testament that introduce God as the progenitor of being, and several terms indicate the unity of God as well. Although some believe that the two mentioned belief principles are evident based on the Old Testament, but this claim is not acceptable, which is elaborately discussed in the article.