Comparison of the effect of nanocellulose and nanosilica on the properties of packaging cardboard made from waste white pulp

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of nanocellulose and nanosilica on the properties of packaging cardboard made from waste white pulp. In this study, waste pulp was transferred to the laboratory. Handsheet cardboard was made of 60 g.m-2 with 4 and 8% nano-silica condition, and nanocellulose and cationic starch at 1.5% level. Finally, the physical, mechanical and morphological properties of the prepared cardboard were tested according to the TAPPI standards and compared with each other. The results showed that 4% cellulose nanofibers and 1.5% cationic starch had 2.5, 14.1, 46.9, 35.9, 9.5, 8.9, 20.5 and 5.1%, respectively, water absorption, surface smoothness, tensile strength index, burst resistance index, tensile strength index, brightness, whiteness and opacity more than 4% cellulosic nanofibers and have 30.9%, 19.3% of air resistance, and fewer yellowness than 4% cellulose nanofibers. 8% cellulose nanofibers and 1.5% cationic starch have 16.1%, 43.7%, 7.6%, 21.3%, 10.7%, 6.1%, 1.1%, 6.6% of water absorption, air resistance, tensile strength index, burst strength index, tear strength index, brightness, whiteness and opacity are higher than 8% cellulose nanofibers and have 36.2 and 23.1% surface fines, respectively, and fewer yellowness than 4% of cellulosic nanofibers. 4% nano-silica and 1.5% cationic starch have 8.1%, 18.3%, 34.1% and 6.9% surface smoothness, whiteness and opacity, more than 4% nano-silica, respectively, with 10.1% 13.1, 10.8, 1.5, 9.9 and 75.2% water absorption, tensile strength index, burst strength index, tear strength index, brightness and fewer yellowness than 4% nano-silica. 8% nanosilica and 1.5% cationic starch have 1, 14.7, 40.2 and 6.7% water absorption, air resistance, whiteness and opacity are more than 8% nano-silica, respectively, and have 5.2, 36.3, 69.3, 74.5, 5.1, and 14.8 percent surface smoothness, tensile strength index, burst strength index, tear strength index, brightness and fewer yellowness than 8% nano-silica. The results showed that the use of cellulose nanofibers is more preferable, and it can be important because it leads to a decrease in imports.