Results of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Researches in Iran- A Review

Garlic ranks second among Allium crops after onion in regard to production. The highest percentage of dry matterin vegetables belong to garlic. Recommended cultivation dates varied from early September to early November depending on climatic conditions and clones in different regions of Iran. Although some Iranian garlic clonesare bolting types, their pollens are sterile and do not produce seed. Application of over dose nitrogen increased garlic rust disease and decreased qualitative characters of bulb. In drip irrigation system amount of water supply was lower but water use efficiency was higher than surface irrigation system. The productivity of all production factors included water, seed (clove), fertilizer and poisonouschemical (chemical control) in sprinkler irrigation system, were significantly higher as compared with surface irrigation system. In intercropping of garlic with Spinach, fleawort, marigold and fenugreekland equivalent ratio indexwas higher than unity so that usefulness the intrercropping of garlic with these crops was confirmed. Oxyfluorofen herbicides control weeds in garlic farms.  Garlic rust is the most important disease of garlic in Iran.