The Political, Economic and Cultural Situation of the Villages of Tabaristan from the Fifth to the Ninth Century AH

Due to its natural and economic location, Tabaristan or Mazandaran had a special place in ancient Iran and the Islamic period, this land had densely populated cities and villages with high incomes, which politically was able to maintain its relative independence from the central and ruling governments in Iran for a long timeThe main issue of this research, which is done in a historical way and with a descriptive-analytical approach, is the study of the political, economic, and religious situation of the villages of Tabaristan during the fifth to ninth centuries AH . The main question of the research is what t role did villages play in political and cultural issues and what was the position of the villages in the economic issues of Tabaristan? The findings of the research indicate that due to the economic position and the natural position of Tabaristan, resources have expressed the situation of this region for many centuries, although cities have been considered more than villages However, the sources also provide valuable data about the villages, such as the religious situation and the growth of Shi'ism in the villages of Tabaristan, the active role of the villages in political events, especially during the period of conquests, the rule of the Alawites of Tabaristan and Marashiyan, the economic situation and the types of products produced and exported to other areas, and also mentioned the description of the wonders of the villages . In general, the villages of Tabaristan played a decisive role in the developments