Irrigation System of Agricultural and Garden Lands during the Saljuqids Period According to Wittfogel's Theory of Oriental Tyranny

This article describes the actions and practices of The Saljuqids in the irrigation system of agricultural and garden lands. The land of Iran is of great importance due to the vastness and diversity of climates among Islamic lands, The southern half and some eastern regions of Iran due to lack of rainfall and tropical climate have always created problems for farmers throughout history that The Saljuqid rulers were no exception to this rule and given that the income from agriculture was vital for them; so they were looking for solution In this regard, The question arises how The Saljuqids performed in the management of the irrigation system? The resulting hypothesis is that The Saljuqids managed the issue of water shortage due to climatic conditions as well as prioritizing water-scarce areas that were economically important. This article examines the dimensions and angles of the subject using historical research method based on description and analysis. This article examines the dimensions and angles of the subject using historical research method based on description and analysis according to Wittfogel theory. The findings of the research show that most of the time, especially in the era of decadence, Saljuqids dug wells and built aqueducts only in places where they cultivated special and rare products such as some tropical fruits, because the sale of such products made So that more incomes will enter The Saljuqids sultan's treasury and compensate the liquidity deficit to some extent. However, the huge cost of land irrigation equipment was borne by the farmers, which caused them dissatisfaction.