Enhancing the Livability of Urban Historic Fabrics A Case Study of Semnan’s Historic Fabrics

Historic urban fabrics, as integral parts of cities with rich historical and cultural backgrounds, embody undeniable physical and architectural values and reflect the social identity of their inhabitants. However, due to urbanization processes and the subsequent concentration of population and activities in city centers over recent decades, these fabrics have experienced physical, economic, and social decline. Over time, this has led to a loss of vitality and livability in historic districts, rendering them unable to meet the needs of modern urban communities. This research aims to investigate and enhance the livability of the historic district of Semnan. Employing a descriptive-analytical approach, the study extracted indicators and sub-indicators related to the concept of livability through a review of relevant literature. Based on these indicators, research questions were formulated. In-depth interviews with 18 residents of the historic district were conducted until theoretical saturation was reached to gather data for analysis. Utilizing a grounded theory approach and conducting three stages of coding (open, axial, and selective), final categories were extracted and placed within the framework of causal conditions, contextual conditions, intervening conditions, interactions/strategies, and consequences. A paradigmatic model of grounded theory was presented, and a final theory for enhancing livability in the historic district of Semnan was developed. The findings indicate that providing equitable distribution of services, promoting mixed-use development, ensuring security in public spaces, modernizing the old fabric with new and compatible uses, fostering a sense of identity and belonging, managing construction activities, and gaining the trust and participation of residents are among the most important strategies for mitigating the challenges faced by historic districts and increasing their livability.