Position and Function of Ḥadīth in Tafsīr Book of Darvazah

Mohammad Izzat Darvazah, a contemporary Sunni commentator, is the author of one of the few interpretations of the Qur'an based on the order in which the surahs were revealed. In his book al-Tafsīr al- Ḥadīth, Darvazah tried to interpret the verses of the Qur'an according to the social-historical atmosphere of their revelation. Before being a commentator, he is a historian of Islam and this type of his tendency can be seen in most of his works. One of the manifestations of his historical perspective in his Tafsīr is to pay attention to the traditions in understanding the verses of the Qur'an. Tafsir narratives include the noteworthy part of Darvazah’s commentary. Some achievements of the current research show that often, Darvazah did not limit his understanding of the verses of the Qur'an to ḥadīths. Rather, after presenting a contextual understanding of the verses, he tried to strengthen his interpretative understanding with the help of ḥadīths if necessary. Darvazah, rather than accepting interpretative ḥadīths, has turned to criticizing them. His criticism of ḥadīths is mainly based on not quoting them in authentic sources of old ḥadīths of Ahl al-Sunnah; therefore, it can be said: most of Darwazah’s narrative criticisms have a source orientation, rather than a content or document. In the book al-Tafsīr al- Ḥadīth by Darvazah, ḥadīths have played a role in various fields such as: "Determining the order of revelation of surahs", "determining the reason for the revelation of verses and surahs", "virtues of surahs", "commentary on the verses of Aḥkām", "commentary on the stories of the Qur'an and others.