Evaluation of Patellar Luxation Frequency in Toy Breed Dogs Referred to One of The Radiology Imaging Centers in the City of Tehran

Patellar dislocation represents a significant cause of lameness in toy dogs . In this study, the prevalence of patellar luxation and associated factors, including age, gender, breed, direction of dislocation, degree of dislocation, and dislocation type were  investigated.

A total of 133 toy breed dogs were referred to one radiology imaging center evaluated over a two-year period  (November 2018 to September 2020). Firstly, the  dogs subjected to a clinical examination to identify any abnormalities. Subsequently, radiographic imaging was conducted in two different positioning ,that is, craniocaudal and right lateral . Subsequently, the  findings were subjected to  analysis with the objective of determining the prevalence of specific factors and diseases in  toy dogs.

The results of this study indicate that dogs with luxation of the patellar bone (48 dogs)   exhibited notable increases  in the relative frequency of specific variables, including male (54.2%), under three years old (52.0%), unilateral dislocation (54.2%), right posterior limb dislocation (39.6%), breed (Terrier 40%, Pomeranian 36%),and second-degree dislocation (60.4%).

The present  study demonstrates that medial patellar luxation is more prevalent than other  forms of patellar luxation , including  bilateral luxation. Furthermore, the problem mostly was  observed in Terrier and Pomeranian breeds. Furt hermore, the results indicated that male sex and age below  three years are associated with an increased risk.. Ultimately, luxation represents a significant cause of lameness in dogs. However, this can be effectively addressed through a combination of continuous clinical observation and radiological consultation  when  necessary.