Effect of dietary fish oil and corn oil on blood biochemical factors in diabetic Rat

The potential role of omega – 3 (ω-3) and omega-6 (ω-6) fatty acids on blood biochemical factors are in interest and controversy. Some experiences showed that omega – 3 (ω-3) and omega-6 (ω-6) fatty acids have a potential effect on triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and total cholesterol levels in diabetes mellitus. Male rats were divided into four groups (one normal group and three diabetic groups). Induction of diabetes was done by streptozotocin [50mg/kg, s.c. (STZ)]. In diabetic groups, one group was Control, received STZ alone, and the other diabetic groups were fed with fish oil or corn oil for 8 weeks after 4 weeks of induction of diabetes. Plasma glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL- choleserol and HDL-cholesterol were measured at 4 and 8 weeks after intervention. Fish oil and corn oil diets had an inhibitory effect on increased plasma glucose in diabetic rat by 46.8% and 40.7%, respectively. Diabetic rats in the control group demonstrated increased plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol levels, but plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol levels were significantly decreased and HDL-cholesterol level was increased by both diets in interventional groups. Corn oil and fish oil supplementation have a role on plasma glucose and lipid profile in diabetic rats. To understand the functional mechanisms of these diets, further studies remain to be accomplished.