Philosophical Theology or Rational Approach to Religion

This article is going to study the divine religions, especially the religion of Islam rationally. Are the Islamic doctrines completely nolens volens, and rationalization and rational analysis of any kind is forbidden, and we must only believe in them, or there is a close relation between rationality and Islam, and many of its doctrines are rationally interpretable? The author believes that rationality is the maxim of all divine religions, especially the religion of the Last Prophet. In addition, religion is compatible with science, and in the Qur’an, the teachings, even the Unity, is talked about rationally and reasonably. We see this compatibility of rationality and religious doctrines also in Hadith, following the Qur’an.The author, then, studies the historical background of the separation of rationality and religion. He believes that the origin of this separation is in the age of paganism and the period of the ruling of the Umayyads and even the Abassids, and Christianity. At the end, he asserts that such an approach is against the doctrines of the Quran and Hadith.