Study of the Effect of the Cytotoxic Extract of Bacterium Streptomyces on Epidermoid Malignant Cells of the Oral Cavity

It is well known that marine microorganisms have been recognized as an important and untapped resource for novel bioactive compounds. Actinomycetes are gram positive bacteria showing a filamentous growth. They are a group of organisms widespread in nature and play a significant role in the future of drug development.

Marine bacteria strains of Streptomyces griscoloalbus were isolated from soft coral Sinularia erecta in Persian Gulf. Growth and fermentation character of the Streptomyces griscoloalbus were estimated. Cytotoxic activity of fermentation medium was tested by brine shrimp bioassay. Semi purification on the culture extract was performed.

Toxic extract was applied on KB cells ( human epidermoid carcinoma of mouth ) and results of neutral red test were IC50= 4.19 g/ml from acetone extract and IC 50 = 44.97 g/ml. For methanol extract, cytotologic effects of the acetone extract on KB cells was studied and morphological changes were also studied.

The morphological changes in Kb cells due to the cytotoxic extract of the bacteria has made it a good candidate for the production of cytotoxic drugs in the future.