Mysticism in Safavid Era

Safavid era (1736) should be considered as one of the most brilliant developing periods of mysticism and philosophy in Iran. Mysticism and Sufism could find an opportunity to enter into the status of Iran leading to the political unity and stability of Iran and a cultural and spiritual revolution in which the philosophy of good walker and illumination were combined with Shiite discourse and pure Iranian mysticism together with Ibn Arabis Sufism. The biggest step was taken by Mollasadra. Meanwhile, a Sufi looking group entered into politics causing religious sects argument. Some class scholars showed their great dissent with the process. Safavid government utilized any deception it could to sustain its status. In such a circumstance, original mystics ignoring their self-interests, seclarianism, and demagogy, stood up against two excessive and recessive groups and sometimes against Sagavid governmet. They elevated the status of Islamic and Iranian mysticism and philosophy so high that it should be named as the Summit of Iranian Philosophy that of course it is known as Sublimed Philosophy.In this paper, different aspects of mysticism and Sufism in Safavid era has been studied and there are three phases have been idetified and analyzed. First, pure mystics, philosophers, and comprehensive Sufis such as Bahaeddin Ameli known as Sheikh Bahayee, Mirfendreski, Mirdamad, Mollasadra, Abdorrazzaq Lahiji, Mohammad ibn Saeed Qomi, Mohammad Taghi Majlesi (First Majlesi), Fayz Kashani, Molla Masihaye Gilani, Molla Rajabali Tabrizi, and Vadood Tabrizi. Second group includes apparent Sufis and sects titled and Darvishism. Third group were those class scholars who made an excuse on the deviation of second group and came to be at adds with mysticism, Sufism, and philosophy willing to beat any rivals through political purposes. As long as the first group offered their consultancies to the king, Iran was succeeding, just like when Khaje Nasiriddin who in the past preferred to adopt a positive interference in politics. Ever since the third group or class scholars consulted the court, Iran receded in development and began retardation.