A survey of Genetic Diversity of Bream (Abramis brama orientalis) in Anzali wetland, South coast of Caspian Sea (Iran) and South-west coast of Caspian Sea (Azerbaijan Republic)

Bream (Abramis brama orientalis) is one of the species of Cyprinidae that lives in Caspian Sea and its watershed. During the recent decades by several reasons such as over fishing, pollution increase, destroying of spawing regions, the fish stock decreased in south coast of Iran, Caspian Sea. Because of that, during the previous years, Iran Fishing Organization decided to recover the fish stock by the usage of artificial reproduction of a broodstocks of Bream population in Iranian Caspian Sea coast. So it has been decided that by entering Bream from Azerbaijan Republic coast an increase can occur in population diversity of that fish, thereby from each 3 mentioned regions 30 were hunted and carried to the genetic laboratory. After extracting DNA by Phenol-chloroform method for genetic-molecular research PCR-RFLP technique was use on a mitochondrion genome piece by the length of 3500 contains tRNA-glu, tRNA-leu, ND 5/6 and Cyt b. Between 17 used enzyme, 4 enzyme DraI, BCLI, Hae III and BanII showed diversity which generally 6 haploids was recognized. The most nucleotide diversity 0.58% by presence of all haploids was observed in Azerbaijan Republic coast samples while Anzali wetland and Iranian Caspian Sea coast, Bream had no diversity. Also, statistical analysis by the usage of Monte Carlo test by 10000 repetition showed a significant differences between Azerbaijan Republic coast fishes (p<0.0001) but there was no significant differences between two regions (p>0.5).