Prevalence of the Nosocomial Infections and its Related Factors in Intensive Care Unit of Mostafa Khomeini Hospital Based on the National Nosocmial Infection Surveillance System

Nosocomial infections are one of the problems that cause huge costs on patients and health systems. Therefore studying its prevalence, related factors and its prevention ways is especially important. This study was performed on 691 patients who were admitted in the ICU of Shaheed Mustafa-Khomeini hospital from 1385-1386. Data collection was done using the national nosocomial infection surveillance system (NNIS) questionnaire. The clinical signs and symptoms of patients were being checked frequently. Necessary laboratory tests and cultures were done in suspected patients. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 15. The incidence of nosocomial infections was 10.85 percent. The most common type of infection was pneumonia 77.3 %, UTI 18.3 %, surgical site infection 2.7 % and blood infection 1.3 %. The most common microorganism in pulmonary infections was Acinetobacter in pulmonary infections, E.coli in UTI, Staphylococcus aurous and Klebsiella in surgical site and Enterococci in blood infections. Pneumonia was significantly more common than other infections (p<0.01). Also there was a correlation between duration of ICU admission and incidence of nosocomial infection (p<0.001). But there was no significant relation between age, gender and invasive procedures with nosocomial infection. According to our results, prolongation of ICU admission time has a direct relation with the risk of infection. Infection control practices and sanitary methods are rational and essential part in the ICU. We suggest limiting invasive procedures to necessary times and the use of aseptic methods in treatment process.