Scientific and Cultural Societies and Circles under Buwayhids

One of the features of Buwayhid period was the plentitude of circles and holding scientific and cultural meetings. Baqdad, the capital of Islamic caliphate and a center for cultural and sectarian discussions and interactions, gained an opportunity for emergence of various thoughts. Different scientific societies and meetings were always held in Baqdad, in which individuals with various thoughts, enjoying an equal opportunity and support from the government, would state their scientific and religious ideas, answering the opponent's questions and objections.The present article is seeking to briefly introduce some of the scientific circles and meetings in the abovementioned period to investigate their goals, the way of formation and the subjects discussed in those meetings as well as the participants therein.