Hydraulic Jump in a Triangular Section and Comparison with Rectangular Section

This paper presents the results of an analytical and experimental study on the characteristics of hydraulic jump in a triangular channel. The analytical consideration is based on the momentum conservation law for the upstream and downstream sections of the jump. The experiments were carried out in a triangular channel of glass side walls with the vertex angle of 94.4°. A wide range of discharge and inflow Froude number were used in the experiments for two different opening heights of the upstream sluice gate. The main characteristics of the jump such as the sequent depth ratio, relative energy dissipation and water surface profile were investigated and the results were compared with those of the rectangular sections. The results showed that the triangular section is more efficient to dissipate the inflow energy. The efficiency of jump in a triangular channel is about 12% more than a rectangular channel for the same condition. As a result, hydraulic jump in a triangular channel needs a smaller tail water depth for a given inflow jet height and Froude number. Also, empirical relations and graphs are presented to determine the characteristics of the jump in triangular sections