Evaluation of salt treatment and explant types effects on shoot production from Callus of Wheat Cultivars

Responses of 27 Iranian wheat cultivars to callus induction، regeneration and salt tolerance was evaluated via tissue culture. Also، in order to evaluating effects of explant types on regeneration of 5 Iranian wheat cultivars، 2 type of explants، immature and mature embryos، were used. Ms medium supplemented with 2 mg/l 2،4-D was used to callus induction. The calli were subcultured on the same medium containing different salt consentration (0، 70، 140، 210 and 280 mmol/l). At regeneration phase، Ms base medium was supplemented with 1 mg/l BAP and 0. 5 mg/l IAA. Results showed that there were significant differences among cultivars regard to all evaluated characteristics (α=0. 01). Chamran was the best at control and treatment levels. After Chamran، Tajan had priority to other cultivars at control level but because Tajan is suseptible for salinity، its regeneration was diminished after adding salt to medium. Salinity reduced all studied characteristics at callus levels. The most reduction recorded at regeneration phase. In addition to، immature embryos were more efficient than matures.