The effect of mismanagement in destruction and illegal plowing of rangelands

Mismanagement in rangelands and law deficiencies are among the reasons for destruction and illegal plowing of rangelands. These could lead to job insecurity of pastoralists and they experience the effects of this land conversion in their economy and living conditions. They are unable to express their wills because of poor communication skills, and not being involved in decision making processes. This study aimed to describe the most important social and ecological issues and challenges in laws and managements. Local community participation by facilitating approach and participatory action research is needed for presentation of pastoraliststo local and national decision makers. Invasion, destruction, and illegal plowing of rangelands were identified as the most concerns of pastoralists and experts in summer rangelands of Shesboloki sub tribe. In the process of surveying and analyzing these common phenomena in rangelands and with setting up social facilitating workshops, either in local communities or for natural recourses administrators and court officials, laws problems were identified as the first motive for this problem. For instance some problems in commission of the article one and its complaints, "Commission of the article 34, the religious law of cultivation".Incompetence of punishments laws in natural resources and then management and structure problems such as range survey and range separation in common rangelands of peasants and nomads. Procrastination in following the subject by natural resources administration and courts, inefficiency of court systems in natural resources subjects, the problems of low enforcement and sentences, and at the end, the general policies of government, unprofessional words of government officials and the interference of some local government officials. In this essay the second group of challenges (management and structure) are discussed.