Pathology of Government Official's Behavior from the Viewpoint of Islam

The main concern in the civic relations is ruler’s transgression and his encroachment on civic rights. This concern appears, in some cases, so great that it can contribute to developing a hard rough encounter between the ruler and citizens. Behind this conflict there are a number of causes which have to be taken into account.Islamic legal school has attributed a number of behavioral weaknesses to rulers and government officials. These weaknesses can be dealt with under two categories: governmental morality and personal morality. Taking a religio-educational approachand reforming vulnerable areas, one can prevent from and overcome the weaknesses.The unique feature of legal and political school in Islam is that, because it is concerned about the aims of man's perfection and ruler's perfection in particular, it gives due attention to the mentioned weaknesses. Therefore, the proposed solutions of this school are founded more on inward mechanisms, piety and the notion that the universe is under God's supervision than on external and outward supervisory mechanism whichis a top-down one.