Look at the Causes Determined Political Economy of Oil and Gas in the Persian Gulf and the Strategy of Industrialized Countries Toward it

Supply security of Energy is one of the main challenges of industrialized countries in recent decades. Also, it has been noted that in recent years other countries like new emergence Asian countries and Latin American countries, have understood the role and importance of energy. However, oil and gas have more importance for numerous reasons such as convenience availability, high thermal value and relative cheapness of this energy resources compare to others. In this paper, with a view of the geographical distribution of reserves and consumption of crude oil and natural gas in various regions of the world, using descriptive - analytical reasons, the reasons of political economy of oil and gas formation in the Persian Gulf region are discussed. However, after mentioning the most important reasons for the formation of political economy of oil and gas in this region, the main strategies of industrialized countries to maintain security of energy supply and combat the consequences of the geographical distribution of oil and gas reserves will be explained. The results suggest that after the oil shocks of 70’s, the main strategy for industrialized countries to maintain security of energy supply is using of diversification of supply oil and gas origins.