Unnessessary antibiotic theraphy in children with diarrhea may cause antibiotic resistance

Growing Antibiotic resistance is rapidly increasing in both developed and developing countries. Diarrheal disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children that treats with antibiotics. This study was conducted to evaluate correct prescription of antibiotics in children less than 5 years old in hospitalized for diarrhea with at Imam Reza hospital in Bojnord 1389. Methods & Materials: A total of 292 children, aged less than 5 years old with diarrhea were recruited in this one group cross-sectional study. Sampling design was non-random, purposeful sampling. The clinical history, socio-demographic characteristics, physical examination findings and laboratory finding were recorded in tree questionnaires. All data were analyzed by t-test, one-way ANOVAs, chi-square and correlation using SPSS 11. 53% children were male. 73% patients had vomiting and fever.42% had abdominal pain and 24% had dehydration. Antibiotics were prescript for 79% of patients;70 % prescribed on antibiotics was incorrect. There was a significant relation between negative stool exam and misuse of antibiotics (P <.05). Kapa agreement coefficient was 0.125 that means invert relation. prescription of antibiotics must be according stool culture and diagnostic tests. Most attention should be payed to common viral diarrhea in hospitalized children to prevent antibiotics resistance.