This study investigates the distribution coefficient of strontium in a soil sample in the south of Tehran. In this research, the columnar method  was used to determine the distribution coefficient of strontium. Also, the effect of three factors, pH, strontium concentration, and soil height in the column was studied using the RSM method's experimental design. For this purpose, five different levels were considered for each parameter, and the experiments were designed and performed by MiniTab software. According to the results obtained in the predicted model, pH, column height, interaction between pH and column height, the interaction between pH and strontium concentration, and interaction between strontium concentration and column height are important. The square of the coefficients as well as the concentration of strontium, did not have much effect on the distribution coefficient. The most significant effect is due to the height of the column, which increases with increasing the height of the column. The rate of conformity of the predictive equation with the actual values ​​is 96.39%, which is an acceptable value.