The major aim of this research was to introduce Generalizability Theory and its application to estimate the reliability of job analysis data. Twenty employees of a state bank certified administrative specialist jobs were randomly selected from among qualified employees. After training, they were given job skills questionnaire to rate the importance of each of the skills for the job of administrative experts to determine. To estimate the reliability of job analysis data in the framework of Generalizability Theory, a five-step approach was introduced that can be used to estimate the reliability of job analysis data. The steps are: 1- Identify the object of measurement, 2- identify facets of measurement, 3- identify an appropriate measurement design, 4- estimate variance components and their interpretation and 5- identify the type of decision. It became apparent that the generalizability theory is useful to estimate the reliability of job analysis. It provides the opportunity for job analysis in such a manner that in different situations such as estimating the contribution of each systematic error sources, such as career history, age, and place of work assessors and achieving the desired reliability, it can perform the required activities.

This research was done to find out the relationship between the organizational climate and the performance of primary school managers in the city of Urmieh. Statistical population consisted of 105 managers and 315 teachers. The number of managers was randomly selected with stratified sampling. The method of gathering data was done through two questionnaires, a standard questionnaire by Hoy & Miscle. The other one was researcher made. The respondents were teachers. The statistical analyses were done through person correlation co efficiency. T test and one way ANOVA and multiple regression were used.
The results were as follow: The highest percentage of organizational climate dimensions both rural and urban boy's and girl's schools were related to professional and intimate behavior, the lowest percentage were the lowest alien behavior.
The highest percentage of manager's performance level in boy's and girl's schools were related to the educational staff level, the lowest related to administrative and financial level.
There is a significant relationship between the organizational climate and primary school manager's performance.
There is a significant positive relationship between the organizational climate behavioral dimensions (supportive, directive professional and intimate) and between the alien and restrictive behavior, a significant negative relationship was found.
The school manager's performance variable showed 79% change based on the six aforementioned dimensions.
There is no significant difference between the organizational climate between boy's and girl's in Urmieh elementary schools.
There is no significant difference between the organizational climate in rural and urban elementary schools.
There is no significant difference between the organizational climate of the school and academic level of teachers.
There is no significant difference between the organizational climate and the teacher's marital status.

This research is purposeful, applied and developmental, and in terms of method, a descriptive correlation type that collects data in the field of field research and documentation. The statistical population of this study consists of 27 municipalities in the cities of Khorasan Razavi province, which is a total number that is considered by the municipalities' self-assessment function The data collection tool is the registered data of the standardized guideline of the municipal organization of the country which has 187 questions in seven dimensions and is the annual year of the year 95 of Khorasan Razavi province and documents. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics have been used. All statistical analyzes were performed using SPSS and amos software.The results show a positive and significant effect of urban services and administrative affairs, human resources on the performance of municipalities in Khorasan Razavi province in the low development group, positive and significant impact of urbanization, financial affairs, contracts and development projects, transportation and traffic, administrative affairs, human resources and approvals The council issues general and managerial issues with the performance of the municipality of Khorasan Razavi in the middle development group and has a positive and significant effect on administrative affairs, human resources and performance of the municipality of Khorasan Razavi province in the high development group.

this research is purposeful, applied and developmental, and in terms of method, a descriptive correlation type that is used in field research And the documents are collecting data. On the other hand, given the pattern of research And the criteria extracted from the theoretical foundations were surveyed by 30 experts and final confirmation. Therefore, the research method is based on the Delphi method. Statistical Society This research has been carried out by municipalities and daisies based in the cities of Khorasan Razavi province. And their performance appraisal information has been extracted from the standardized regulations of the organizations and municipalities of the country and the year of the year 2015 in the province of Khorasan Razavi province and documents have been extracted.Analysis of the obtained data from a variety of descriptive statistics and to investigate the research questions And their relationship with demographic indicators of inferential statistics such as structural equation analysis, Pearson, regression, correlation coefficient test. The results show a positive and significant effect of urban services and administrative affairs, human resources on the performance of municipalities and villages in the low development group, positive and significant impact of urbanization, financial affairs, contracts and development projects, transportation and traffic, administrative affairs, human resources and council decisions. General and managerial with the performance of municipalities and dehayers in the middle development group and the positive and significant effect of administrative affairs, human resources with the performance of municipalities and dehayers in the high development group.

The Article 157 of the Constitution places the responsibility for all "judicial", "administrative" and "executive" affairs of the judiciary on the head of the judiciary. According to the Article 160 of the Constitution, "full financial and administrative powers as well as employment powers [of the judiciary]" are provided for the head of the judiciary. In addition to the mentioned Articles, according to the Articles 126 and 52 of the Constitution, the President is "directly" introduced as the person in charge of program and budget affairs and administrative and employment affairs of the "country", and on the other hand preparing the "annual budget of the whole country" is vested in the government (the executive branch). Therefore, resolving the existing ambiguities regarding the limits of the administrative and financial competence of the head of the judiciary and explaining the manner in which it relates to the administrative and financial competencies of the president has been the mission of this research. Examining this issue in a descriptive-analytical format showed that according to the interpretation of the Articles of the Constitution, although the administrative and employment competence of the judiciary is with the head of that body, but due to coordination of affairs and suitable distribution of financial and administrative resources, this competence should be exercised with the coordination and approval of the president.

Iran-China relations are not limited to political and economic affairs. The invasion of China by Genghis Khan in early 14th century and the rise of Yuan Dynasty changed the situation for China's non-indigenous ethnics. The ruling Mongols used these immigrants as their administrative agents in China. In fact, the Mongol rulers of China exploited these non-indigenous forces to prolong their political presence in this country. A large ethnic group that migrated (or was forced to migrate) to China during this era was the Persian speakers of Transoxiana, Khorasan, and other parts of Iran. These immigrants were appointed to different administrative and commercial positions by Mongol rulers of China and as a result, Persian language gradually introduced to the Chinese administrative and commercial literature. In other words, the spread of Persian language in China is due to the administrative system of the Yuan Dynasty on the one hand, and immigration of Persian speakers to China on the other. During this epoch, Persian became the common tongue between Muslim ethnicities and the religious language of a new ethnic group formed in China called Hui Hui. This new ethnic group was rooted in the community of the Persian speaker immigrants from Transoxiana and other parts of Iran who were settled in China and were absorbed in the Chinese society. The use of Persian in Chinese administrative system continued in the Ming Dynasty era. A new department was even established in the court of the King for translation of Persian texts to Chinese. Consequently,

The main purpose of this article is feasibility study of privatizing affairs of judiciary with the aim of increasing judicial efficiency. For this purpose, the separation between types of judicial affairs is necessary. These affairs can be divided into inherent judicial affairs (like Settlement of disputes), administrative affairs related to the judiciary and affairs of organizations affiliated with the judiciary. It seems inherent judicial affairs cannot be transferred to other institutions or private section, but privatizing administrative affairs and affairs of organizations affiliated with the judiciary is possible. Accordingly, we analyze triple separation of judicial affairs mentioned above with look at the constitution of Iran and other related provisions and also status of privatizing judicial affairs in some countries in order to answer to main question of this article.

Umayyads (Haqq: 132-41) despite all the strictness and intolerance they had towards some sects and races, especially Iranians, they were tolerant in some cases due to political and social necessities and to advance their sovereign affairs. Examining their tolerance in religious matters and knowing their performance in this field can provide a useful experience from the past to our Islamic society. The question answered by this article is: How was the tolerance of the Umayyads in civil affairs and what effect did it have on the improvement of the administrative organization of Islamic civilization? Analyzing the sources with a descriptive-analytical approach shows that although the Umayyads had a lot of violence and strictness against the people, especially the Iranians, but they, as in the administration of vast Islamic lands and in the creation, development, integration and organization of their administrative and judicial affairs, They did not have enough experience and ability, in administrative and civil matters, they have used civilizations such as Iran and Rome, which had valuable experiences in this field. This has caused us to witness the participation of non-Arab and sometimes non-Muslim ethnic groups both in the formation and in the interpretation of courts. This, in turn, has made Muslims familiar with civil matters and has gradually provided the means for their independence in this field

This descriptive and exploratory study is an attempt to recognize the salient features of autonomy in the Iranian public universities affiliated with the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology. Data collection was through triangulation which is examining the legal documents, interviews and questionnaires. The sample consists of experts (education, higher education management, public Administration) and senior managers in Iranian higher education system. The results show a significant intervention of the state in seven areas of university autonomy, with the first one being the least affected: (1) the area of Research and Publication, (2) Curriculum and Teaching, (3) Academic Standards, (4) Staff, (5) Governance, (6) Administration and Finance, (7) Students, while the government intervention in these areas was assessed as being too much. Also, research findings indicate that the most important factor in running Iranian universities is among the academic authority, political decisions, administrative regulations and market, are administrative regulations and Iranian university autonomy is mostly “Procedural” rather than “Substantive”.