The present study examines the effectiveness of exercise training along with the program to increase the awareness and attitude of physical activity on the improvement of workability index of post company employees.    The study was a semi-experimental and pre-test-post-test with control group. To do this research, 60 post workers were employed and randomly divided into two groups of intervention (30 people) and control (30 people). Subjects were first evaluated using the workability index WAI Questionnaire. Then the intervention group participated in the exercise program for 16 weeks and weekly weekly in the exercise program along with the program to increase the awareness and attitude of physical activity, but the control group was not subjected to such intervention. The collected data were analyzed using ANCOVA test and SPSS20 software  The mean score of the questionnaire of the ability of the intervention group after the exercise training with the program for increasing the knowledge and attitude of physical activity increased significantly (P <0.05). Also, there was a significant difference between workability index scores in experimental and control groups.      The results of this study showed that the simultaneous exercise of two exercises with the program to increase the awareness and attitude of physical activity, in improving the workability of the staff is effective and increases the productivity and quality of the workability of the organizations.

Reduction of physical activity among people is one of the most important problems of society which is resulted from life industrialization. The aim of this study was to survey knowledge and theory of planned behavior constructs inclusive attitude، intention، subjective norms and perceived behavioral control regarding girl student’s physical activity in Naein Payam Noor University in 2012. In this cross-sectional study، 130 girl students were selected by simple random sampling. Data gathered with a questionnaire with acceptable validity and reliability consisting of demographic data، knowledge and constructs of theory of planned behavior. Data analysis was performed with SPSS-18 software and related statistical tests. 130 females with mean age of 22±2/8 years were participated in this study. The mean scores of knowledge، attitude، intention، subjective norms and perceived behavioral control were: 74±14/6، 81/1±14/2، 52/3±25/3، 60/3±23/9 and 48/1±13/3 respectively. There were significant differences between physical activity performance intention with knowledge (P=0/011)، attitude (P=0/000)، subjective norms (P= 0/000) and perceived behavioral control (P=0/019). According to this study، physical activity intention had significant correlation with attitude and subjective norms. Thus، with apply educational sessions based on attitude change for example: group discussion and also the same sessions for important others such as: family، friends، classmate and so on we will be able to promote physical activity in girl students.

Lack of knowledge about correct life style and prevalence of unhealthy behaviors play an important role in increasing cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine knowledge, attitude and performance of educational staff about cardiovascular diseases. This cross-sectional study was done in 2007 in selected educational districts of Tehran affiliated to ministry of education. In this study, 703 teachers and health instructors participated. Multi-stage sampling was used and the data was collected by a self-report questionnaire consisting 20 awareness questions and 15 attitude questions about cardiovascular risk factors, and 21 questions about performance in diet, physical activity and smoking. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by content validity and test-retest reliability within a 10 days period. The results showed that 67% of the subjects had good knowledge of and 83.8% of the subjects had positive attitude towards cardiovascular risk factors. The majority of the subjects had moderate or weak performance in nutrition (71.6%) and physical activity (64.4%). Also, 77.7% of the subjects had no smoking history. There was a significantly statistical positive relationship between knowledge and attitude of the subjects (P ≤ 0.0001). According to the findings, although knowledge and attitude of educational staff about cardiovascular risk factors was good their performance in some aspectss was not acceptable. Therefore, it is suggested to provide effective educational programs for improving the nutrition and physical activity status for teachers and prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases.

Regular and adequate physical activity is a major factor in maintaining good health throughout entire life course. Levels of inactivity are high in all countries. Effective educational interventions are needed to promote physical activity in all populations. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a heath education intervention on physical activity knowledge, attitude, and behavior in health volunteers of Tehran in 2008.Methods & Materials: All active female health volunteers of Tehran, district 14 (n=100) were recruited for this experimental study. Data were gathered using a questionnaire of knowledge, attitude, and behavior regarding physical activity. The questionnaire was completed by all participants in two phases of pre- and post-intervention (four weeks after the intervention). Health education intervention strategies were presented to the intervention group during three educational sessions with one week interval between the sessions. Data were analyzed using related statistical tests. Findings showed significant statistical differences in knowledge, total physical activity rate per week, and the mean sitting time per day between the control and intervention groups after the intervention (P<0.05). While, these variables were not significantly different before the educational intervention among both groups. The health education intervention presented in this study was effective in promoting knowledge, total physical activity rate per week, and mean sitting time per day among the female health volunteers.

Decrease of physical activity، is one of the most important problems in modern societies. Different factors are related to physical activity which attitude is of high importance. The aim of this study was to determine correlation between attitude، subjective -norm، self-efficacy، intention to physical activity in female students In this descriptive- correlational study a total of 444 female students were selected by stratified sampling method at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. A questionnaire was used for data collection including demographic variables، attitude، subjective norms، self-efficacy and intention towards regular physical activity. Content and face validity were confirmed and the reliability of the instrument was determined by internal consistency and test-retest methods. Cronbach''s alpha for each item was determined as follows: Attitude (α = 0. 92)، Subjective norms (α = 0. 85) and Control of Perceived Behavior (α = 0. 92). Data analysis was done by SPSS/15 using descriptive statistics such as mean، standard deviation، frequency distribution، and analytic statistics including regression، T-test and ANOVA. A P-value =0. 05 was considered statistically significant. The results of this study showed that the majority of students had positive attitude towards physical activity. Also attitude was found correlated directly and significantly with subjective norm، self-efficacy and intention to physical activity. However، BMI and economic status were not related to attitude towards physical activity. The results of the current study showed that perception of subjective norm، self-efficacy and intention can help to motivate students to do physical activities. Therefore، it is recommended to provide educational programs for the students in order to improve regular physical activities.

The study of attitudes is of the most fundamental social psychology approaches، also the study of attitude concerning physical exercise is one of important sport psychology approaches. The purpose of the present research was to characterize and compare the attitudes toward physical exercise of students considering selected sport fields of physical education course. The present research is of the type of the survey (descriptive - acquired). The sample of research is consisted of 156 (95 girls، 61 boys) students of Shahid Beheshti University. The questionnaire of Attitude toward Corbin Physical Exercise was used to measure attitudes toward physical exercise. One-sample T Test results showed that all components of attitude toward physical exercise was significantly above mean. Multivariate variance analysis showed that female students had significantly higher mean in overall attitude، in components of the health، comfort، and goodness. Furthermore، the main effect of sport field was significant only on the social component. The results was explicate as for the theory of Ajzen’s planned behavior.

Cancer occurs when cells divide uncontrollably. These abnormal cells can invade nearby tissues or travel to distant sites by entering the bloodstream or lymphatic system. Incidence rate of cancer has increased constantly during the past 50 years. Nutrition, physical activity and hope are significant factors in cancer. However, patients do not have enough knowledge and correct attitude toward these important factors. In this study, instead of unidirectional conveyance of educational subjects, patients and their families were invited to actively participate in learning process by the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) method. PBL is in fact a kind of preparation for life because life means encountering problems and trying to solve them. The aim of this study was knowledge promotion and attitude modification in patients and their families about the importance of nutrition and physical activity during disease and treatment by the PBL method. Increasing hope in patients was another aim of this study. This study was a randomized controlled trial. Knowledge and attitude were assessed based on BASNEF model and Herth Hope Index (HHI) questionnaire. These questionnaires, as well as a knowledge and attitude questionnaire for families, were completed by the two groups of case and control (each including 25 persons) before and after the intervention. The educational and promotional interventions for patients and their families in the case groups were performed face to face and individually based PBL method. Data was analyzed by chi-square test and analysis of covariance in SPSS. The significance level was considered as α = 0.05. Mean score of knowledge in the case group was significantly more than the control group (P < 0.001). In addition, interventions led to better attitudes in the case group (P < 0.001). Mean scores of subjective norms (P < 0.12) and enabling factors (P < 0.08) were not significantly different between the two groups. However, mean scores of hope was significantly more in the case group than the control group (P < 0.008). Mean scores of knowledge among the families in the case group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.001). Moreover, interventions led to better attitudes among the families in the case group (P < 0.001). Educational and promotional interventions based on PBL method increase knowledge and hope levels and improve attitudes in cancer patients and their families. Therefore, such interventions are suggested in order to enhance quality of life among cancer patients.

A far-reaching body of the literature highlights that continuous performing of diabetes self-management behaviors is effective on diabetics. Nowadays among self-care behaviors, physical activity is the most important behavior that influences diabetes control. This study aimed to understand and predict physical activity behavior based on the extended theory of reasoned action among women with type 2 diabetes, in Khoy located in Western North of Iran. An eligible sample of 352 women with type 2 diabetes, referring to a Diabetes Clinic and the Charity Foundation for Diabetes Disease participated in the study. Appropriate instruments were designed to measure the variables of interest (diabetes knowledge, personal beliefs, subjective norm, self-efficacy and behavioral intention along with physical activity behavior). Reliability and validity of the instruments were examined and approved. Statistical analyses of study were conducted by SPSS package. The findings of investigation indicated that there exists a statistical significant correlation among independent constructs of proposed model with Model-related dependent variables, as among constructs of model, self-efficacy was the strongest predictor of intentions among women with type 2 diabetes. This construct both directly and indirectly affected physical activity behavior. In addition to self efficacy, diabetic's physical activity also is influenced by other variables of model and sociodemographic factors. Our findings suggest the high ability of the extended theory of reasoned action with self-efficacy in forecasting and explaining physical activity can be a base for educational intervention. Thus, for improving diabetic's physical activity behavior and finally controlling the disease, using educational interventions based on proposed model are necessary.

Backgrounds and Physical activity is one of lifestyle components. 2010 report of health people indicates that physical activity in young people is a high priority of health. A youth attends to maintenance self physical activity till adulthood, since lifestyle is forming mainly in this period. Insufficient physical activity and inactivity with unhealthy nutrition causes chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, ostheoporoses, etc. This study was an interventional educational upon female school students in Tonkabon in 2008 in two groups, intervention and control (each group 300). Data gathering tools included demographic, knowledge/attitude and practice assessment questionnaires. First knowledge, attitude and practice of whole students was assessed.Then the interventional educational programe: 8 hours education (weekly sessions, every session one hour), lecture, question and answer, pamphelet, and movies about advantages and disadvantages of physical activity and the nessecity of continuing till the future was done. After two month of intervention, two groups were compared in knowledge,attitude and practice.The data were analized with SPSS and STATA. After the intervention, there was a significant increase in mean of knowledge, attitude and practice, in intervention group compared to control group (p<0.05). Educational intervention caused 15 score on knowledge, 5 score on attitude and 1.6 score on practice improvement. Among effective factors variable Such as: mothers literacy and fathers job affected knowledge, and level of literacy affected attitude, and mothers education affected practice of student. Discussion and Physical activity is one of the lifestyle components and in young people is a high priority of health. This study shows that Educational intervention caused improvement on knowledge attitude, and practice.

Regular physical activity has a positive effect on physical, mental, and social health aspects of students and society and presenting physical education course in universities plays an important role in achieving this goal. This study was performed with the aim to compare the effectiveness of two methods (Basnef and routine) of presenting physical education course on the attitude and practice of female students towards regular physical activity. In this quasi-experimental prospective study, all female students of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (n=113) who had taken physical education (II) course in the first academic semester of 2006-2007 participated. Physical education classes were divided randomly into two experiment and control groups. The data gathering tools included two questionnaires, one for measuring attitude towards doing physical activity and also towards physical education course and one International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Students in the experiment group passed physical education course during two months based on BASNEF model and the control group passed the routine course during two months. All the participants were followed up 2 and 4 months after the end of the educational program. Collected data was analyzed by SPSS software. After the intervention, the experiment group achieved a significantly higher mean score in two areas of attitude toward physical education and physical activity compared to the control group. The total physical activities performed in the experiment group had a better distribution and was significantly better than the control group. Employing behavioral models such as BASNEF model may prove helpful in developing the curriculum of physical education (II) course.