The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of suspended stabilization exercises on functional ability, balance and fear of falling in women with MS. Thirty women with MS were divided into control and experimental groups. The training protocol consisted of 12 weeks of suspended exercise that was performed for 12 weeks, 3 sessions per week and about 30 minutes per session. Covariance analysis was used to data analyze. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in balance, functional ability and fear of falling in women with MS. Also, there was a difference between motor performance scores. , Balance and fear of falling before and after suspended stabilization exercises were significant in the experimental group. The findings of the present study showed that suspension exercises improve balance, fear of falling and functional ability of women with MS. It is recommended that suspension exercises be used to control and improve the motor function of people with MS.

There is a relationship between myostatin gene expression and muscle strength as well as factors related to athletes' fitness. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare the effect of traditional resistance training and suspension-resistance training on serum levels of myostatin and the results of wrestlers' motor performance tests. The present study is a quasi-experimental study with pre-test-post-test design. Thirty wrestlers were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups: control, traditional resistance training and suspension-resistance training. Serum levels of myostatin, muscle strength, speed, power and agility were respectively assessed by Fasting blood sampling, Chest press maximal repetition test, 15 yards speed test, Sargent jump and T Agility tests. At the end of the pre-test stage, each training group performed their respective exercises for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week and each training session for 30-45 minutes. At the end of 8 weeks of training, all the tests performed in the pre-test stage were repeated in the post-test stage. One-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test were used for statistical analysis of research findings.The results of one-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc tests showed that in the post-test stage, there was no significant difference between the means of all the studied variables in the traditional resistance group with the suspension-resistance group (P> 0.05); However, there is a significant difference between the average of the studied variables in the control group and the two training groups in the post-test stage (P≤0.05). According to the results of the present study, both traditional resistance training and suspension-resistance training reduce serum levels of myostatin and by increasing muscle strength can be used as an approach to improve the motor performance of freestyle wrestlers.

Non-specific chronic low back pain is the most common type of chronic low back pain. Rapid rehabilitation is a common aim of patients and HCPs. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of suspended exercise and functional stabilization exercise on the intensity of pain, proprioception functional and movement control in men with non-specific chronic low back pain.
This study was performed in 2017. The study had a quasi–experimental, pre-test-post-test design and included a control group. Forty-five male patients with non-specific chronic low back pain, according to inclusion criteria, were randomly selected by convenience sampling in 3 equal groups of 15 patients. Then 2 experimental groups performed the training protocol. The protocol was 8 weeks of the 45 minute exercise program, three sessions per week of suspended exercises and the Functional Stabilization Exercise. To assess pain, proprioception, functional and movement control ability of the subject; visual analogue scale, Universal Goniometer in method Newcomer and the 6 test Luomajoki was used. After data collection, one-way statistical analysis of covariance and SPSS software version 18 was used for data analysis
Both suspended exercises and Functional Stabilization had a significant effect on pain, proprioception, functional and movement control in subjects with non-specific chronic lower back pain (P≤0.05). Conducting a between-group comparison also showed that the pain, proprioception functional and movement control ability variables had the highest variation, which was related to the suspended exercises and Functional Stabilization, respectively.
According to these findings, Suspended Exercise provided greater recuperation than Functional Stabilization in patients with non-specific chronic lower back pain. However, further studies with a larger sample size are recommended to support the findings of the present study and to help prevent non-specific chronic lower back pain in men.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 6 weeks of Suspension exercises with TRX On static and dynamic balance and landing mechanics in female athletes. The number of 30 young female athletes with the age range of 15 to 18 years from the fields of handball, futsal, basketball and volleyball were selected from the schools of 4 districts of Tehran and they were randomly placed in two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). The experimental group performed suspension exercises with TRX for 6 weeks and 3 sessions per week. In order to measure static balance, stork test was used and for dynamic balance, Y balance test was used. Also, Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) was used to check landing mechanics. The results showed that the static balance, dynamic balance and landing mechanics of the TRX training group were better in the post-test than the pre-test (P<0.05). But there was no significant difference between static balance, dynamic balance and landing mechanics of the control group in pre-test and post-test (P>0.05). Also, the results of covariance analysis showed that there is a significant difference in all variables between the two groups in the post-test (P<0.05). So that the static and dynamic balance and reduction of the landing error score of the TRX training group were better than the control group. It seems that 6 weeks of suspension training with TRX can improve static and dynamic balance and reduce landing errors in female athletes.

Functional dysfunction has been reported as one of the most important consequences of functional ankle instability injury. One of the newest tools used to rehabilitate musculoskeletal injuries is suspension training with TRX )Total Body Resistance Exercise(. However, so far, its effect on the various functional factors in athletes with functional ankle instability has not been determined.  Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 6 weeks of suspension training with TRX on the performance scores of athletes with functional ankle instability.

30 male athletes with functional ankle instability were selected and then randomly assigned into the control and training groups. The subjects were selected by inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subjects' performance was assessed by side hop test, figure 8 test, and three single-leg hop test. The training group performed 18 training sessions of 45 minutes during 6 weeks. During 6 weeks, control group were asked to not perform any special exercise. Then, the post-test was performed in both groups. In order to compare the scores of functional tests between two groups, paired t-test and covariance analysis were used. Significant level was considered as p≤0.05 in all statistical analyzes.

The results of statistical tests showed that there is a significant difference between the mean scores of each of the three side hop test (p=0.001) figure 8 test (p=0.001), and three single-leg hop tests (p=0.001) between the two groups in the post-test. Therefore, that subjects of the TRX training group had better performance in all three tests than those in the control group.

Since the results of this study showed that performing TRX suspension training can improve the performance of athletes in side-hop test, figure 8 test and triple hop test, therefore it recommended that all sport trainers use the exercises used in this study to improve the performance of athletes with functional ankle instability.

Low back pain is one of the most common causes of disability in adults. There are many non-invasive interventions to improve low back pain; exercise therapy is one of the main approaches. But there is conflicting evidence regarding the effectiveness of different types of training methods. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of suspension training on pain, core muscle endurance, and quality of life in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain.

30 women were selected to participate in this study 15 in the intervention group and 15 in the control group. The degree of pain was measured by the VAS index and the core muscle endurance was investigated by the McGill test and quality of life was measured with the SF-36 questionnaire in pretest and post-test. The experimental group then performed suspension exercises for 24 sections. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used between-group differences and paired T-test was used for inter groups differences.

The results of the T-test showed that there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test only in the suspensions training group in all of the variables. Also, the ANCOVA’s results showed that there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the post-test.

The results of this study showed that the suspension exercises significantly improve pain and core muscle endurance and quality of life in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain.

Many people with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience difficulty with balance and walking, which can make daily activities difficult. Recent studies in rehabilitation procedures emphasize on functional suspension training using body weight resistance against gravity by unstable tools and equipment that are similar to daily activities. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of total body resistance exercise (TRX) suspension training on functional balance in patients with MS. This study included 34 females with MS and expanded disability status scale of 1-4 as well as the age range of 20-50 years who referred to Isfahan MS Society. The participants were intentionally selected and assigned nonrandomly into two groups of control (n=15) and experimental (n=19). The training protocol included 8 TRX movements with four difficulty levels from simple to difficult for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week, and each session lasting 45 minutes. The functional balance was measured through using Timed Up and Go (TUG), 10-Metre Walk Test (10MWT), and forward and lateral functional reach tests. Data were analyzed using ANCOVA. P-value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Ethics code: IR.UI.REC.1396.014, Clinical trial: IRCT20180521039762N1 The results obtained from the posttest showed a significant improvement in functional balance of the experimental group, compared to the control group in terms of the TUG test (P=0.001), 10MWT (P=0.001), and lateral functional reach tests to the left and right (P=0.013). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups regarding forward functional reach test (P=0.053). According to the results, it can be concluded that TRX suspension training improves functional balance, walking speed, and balance during walking in patients with MS. Therefore, it is recommended to perform TRX training as a functional training intervention to improve functional balance and walking in MS patients.

today, the record is one of the major concerns of coaches in competitive swimming. Therefore, finding the proportional type of resistance training as an essential factor affecting physical fitness and performance, is highly important. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of four weeks total body resistance training on muscular function and performance of young female swimmers.

Twelve college-level female swimmers were divided into Control and TRX group. The control group performed swimming protocol while the experimental group carried out eight swim like TRX addition to swimming program. Muscular function was measured using isokinetic device and swimming performances was measured by the record they reached and the number of hands and feet strokes during 25 and 50 m breaststroke swimming. Independent T-test was used to analyze the research data after subtracting the pretest from the post-test.

Both groups have shown significance improvement in 25 m swimming record but there wasn’t significant difference between groups (P = 0.289). Moreover, Number of strokes decreased significantly in TRX group (P = 0.31). Muscular function factors in 25 m and total work in 50 m has shown improvement in TRX group (P ≤ 0.05).

In general, combination of TRX with swimming training is most effective than swimming alone to improve swimmers performances.

In general, the results of this study indicate that the combination of TRX with swimming training is more suitable for improving swimmers' performance. It is also recommended that swimmers take advantage of this training method due to the principle of Specificity training and easy use.

Resistance training with blood flow restriction increases the recruitment of fast-twitch fibers in hypoxia conditions. It also boosts the synthesis of muscle protein with anabolic hormone indices. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of low-intensity TRX suspension training with blood flow restriction on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), and body composition in active female students.

The present semi-experimental study was conducted on 36 female physical education students. The samples were selected purposefully and then randomly divided into three groups, namely high-intensity TRX suspension training, low-intensity TRX suspension training with blood flow restriction, and control. The training groups performed three sessions of TRX exercises with and without blood flow restriction for eight weeks. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and Bonferroni post hoc test were used to compare the results between groups.

The findings showed that eight-week low-intensity TRX training with blood flow restriction caused a significant increase in VEGF (P=0.001), HIF-1 (P=0.001), and total body muscle mass (P=0.008) compared to the control group. The high-intensity TRX training group also increased VEGF (P=0.018) and HIF-1 (P=0.002) compared to the control group. However, the low-intensity TRX training group with blood flow restriction led to a significant increase in HIF-1 concentration compared to the high-intensity TRX training group (P=0.031). TRX suspension training with and without blood flow restriction had no significant impact on body mass index, body fat percentage, and total body water (P<0.05).

Overall, the results of this research showed that performing eight-week low-intensity TRX training with blood flow restriction improved the levels of VEGF, HIF-1, and muscle mass in active females. Therefore, these exercises can be a suitable training method to improve angiogenesis factors and body composition in females.

This study aimed to compare the effect of 4 weeks of suspension exercises with TRX and hopping on the static and dynamic balance of male college athletes. This was a quasi-experimental study. In total, 36 male volleyball, basketball, soccer and handball players of the University of Tehran with an age range between 20 and 28 years were selected purposefully and then randomly assigned into 3 groups of control (n=12), TRX suspension exercise (n=12), and hopping exercise (n=12). The exercise groups performed hopping and TRX exercise 3 sessions a week for 4 weeks (12 sessions). Static and dynamic balance of the participants were measured before and after 4 weeks of suspension exercises with TRX and hopping using Biodex balance system. For data analysis paired t test, ANCOVA and Bonferroni test were performed in SPSS. P≤0.05 was considered as the significant level. The scores of the general indicator of the static and dynamic balance test in the 2 exercise groups showed significant improvements, compared to the control group (P≤0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the effect of hopping and TRX exercise on the static and dynamic balance of the athletes (P>0.05). Four weeks of hopping and TRX exercise significantly improves the static and dynamic balance of college athletes; Athletes and coaches can use both of these 2 sets of exercises for improving the static and dynamic balance and for prevention of injury