Despite decades of expansion in international academic fields, the concept of social capital is still an under-researched area in Iranian domestic fields. This term has become a controversial and multidimensional concept, as each branch in the humanities has adopted and applied their own definition of the term, social capital. Giving a functional explanation of the term, this research aims at evaluating the quantitative and qualitative situation of youth’s political socialization process. The focus of this research is on the relationship between the concepts of ‘social capital,’ ‘socialization’ and ‘political affair.’ For the case study, this research focuses on university as a government institution in charge of political socialization in the political system of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Specifically, the research tries to explore the effects of social capital on political socialization process of undergraduate students in public universities in the city of Tehran. The hypothesis of this research is that the higher the level of social capital in public universities in Tehran, the more successful the universities are in realizing the political socialization function of their undergraduate students. Eventually, this study will investigate effective contexts in the process of political socialization to highlight the political functions of social capital.</em>

In this paper, we try to examine the relationship between the three concepts of institutional trust, university, and political socialization. Institutional trust is one of the most important assets and needs of each institution to advance its functions. On the other hand, one of the most important functions of written and non-written of public universities in the Islamic Republic of Iran is to influence the process of political socialization of their main audience, students. The main issue of this article is that institutional trust as the most important indicator of social capital has a significant effect on the political socialization of undergraduate students at Tehran's public universities as a statistical society of this research. Postulating the theory of Robert Putnam on the concept of social capital, this article propounds this hypothesis that political socialization in every society carried out mainly through state institutions and the amount of citizen's trust to state institutions, which is called institutional trust and is one of the most important elements of social capital, is very important in the implementation process and the effectiveness of political socialization. Study of statistical findings in the case study of this study showed that with increasing institutional trust in public universities in Tehran, their effectiveness in increasing the political socialization of undergraduate students increase.

It has been a long time that selecting and optimizing strategies for financing and incrementing the income diversification of public universities is becoming challenging. The aim of this study is to prioritize optimal strategies for financial autonomy of public universities in Tehran with qualitative-quantitative approach. The methodology of the study is Descriptive-analytical in which the data from interviewing 20 expert in higher education was gathered and organized. The optimal strategies were obtained using SWOT technique. In the next step in order to determine the priority strategy in current situation of universities the TOPSIS technique is used. The findings illustrate six strategy for financial autonomy of universities. the “improving the research infrastructures” strategy with 0.63 closeness coefficient of each alternative is the first strategy and the second strategy which can lead the universities to gain more nonpublic revenue is “revenue diversification” with 0.61 closeness coefficient of each alternative. The prioritized strategies indicate that financial autonomy of begins from rethinking and managing the internal processes of universities.

One of the most important issues in the educational system of fourth-generation universities is moral leadership; this study aimed to identify the components of ethical leadership from the perspective of faculty members in public universities in Tehran. The statistical population of this study, which included all members of the faculty of public universities in Tehran, was selected as a sample size using a multi-stage cluster random sampling method of 480 people. In order to evaluate the validity of the questionnaire, face validity, content, and structure were used and to calculate its reliability, Cronbach's alpha coefficient and combined reliability were used, which showed the validity and reliability of the researcher-made questionnaire. Exploratory factor analysis and a one-sample t-test were used to analyze the data according to the research questions. The results showed that the components of ethical leadership in Iranian universities are individual, organizational and ethical behavior that is needed. The officials of the educational system should have special planning with moral leadership in individual, organizational and moral behavior dimensions.