Today soil pollution by heavy metals especially in industrial regions is one of the major health problems. This research was done to investigate the effect of pistachio residues biochar on decreasing soil cadmium (Cd) stress in shallot in a soil treated with Zarandieh municipal waste compost.
The present study is an experimental study has been done on the Cd polluted soil as a factorial experiment in the layout of randomized completely block design. Treatments were consisting of applying municipal waste compost at the rates of 0, 10 and 15 t ha-1 and applying pistachio residues biochar (0 and 15 gr kg-1) and the cd polluted soil at the rates of 0, 10, 20 and 30 mg cd kg-1 soil. The Zarandieh municipal waste compost and pistachio residues biochar were added to the soil and after the end of the experiment; root and shoot Cd concentration and catalase enzyme activity were measured. Means comparisons were done by LSD test at a probability level of 5%.
Applying 15 g kg-1 pistachio residues biochar in a Cd polluted soil (20 mg Cd kg-1 soil) treated with 15 t ha-1 municipal waste compost caused a significant decrease in root and shoot Cd concentration by 12 and 9%, respectively. In addition, the root and shoot catalase, enzyme activity was also decreased.
The results of this experiment showed that applying Zarandieh municipal waste compost with pistachio residues biochar can decrease the plant Cd stress. However, the role of type and plant variety on the amount of decreasing Cd stress cannot be ignored

Leadership has always been one of the key and at the same time the most complex issues in the field of organizational management studies. Over time, and in proportion to the increasing volume and complexity of organizational environments, the concept of leadership has become more important; In the view of some management experts, leadership is the main structure of the organization's activities and the main factor determining the success or failure of an organization. However, with the development of technology, the management and leadership styles of the organization have also changed; But what has impacted the leadership of organizations more than any other technology is a leap known as digital technology. Digital technology, a set of profound developments and changes in organizations and businesses; In the field of activities, processes, capabilities and business models that allow them to be able to use the opportunities arising from the development and promotion of technology and the resulting changes in their development in different communities and use them in line with their strategies and priorities. Take advantage. In the digital age, anything is possible at the speed of light. Companies can build and test new products much faster and cheaper than before, for example through digital simulations, 3D printing prototypes or small application products. At the same time, innovation strategists need to engage with a wider playing field in addition to adapting themselves to the pace of innovation. For example, it is no longer a competitive advantage in products, but in the digital services that are provided for those products. The main purpose of this study is to identify and rank the effective factors in preparing for digital transformation leadership in schools of Zarandieh city, so it can be said that the present study is a descriptive-survey research in terms of purpose in the field of applied research and data collection method. The statistical population in this study has used the perspective of school staff in Zarandieh (800 in total). Using Morgan table, the minimum sample size required was 181 people. To be more sure, 200 school staff in Zarandieh were selected by random sampling method. Two questionnaires were used to collect data. The first questionnaire was provided to the experts to rank the factors. Questionnaire two is a standard questionnaire that has been provided to employees to assess the status of factors. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed using content validity. Cronbach's alpha of the questionnaire is 0.813, so the questionnaire has good reliability. The Savara method has been used to rank and determine the importance of the factors influencing the readiness to lead the digital transformation. T-test was used to assess the status of each factor. Finally, the final results of the study were evaluated using significance-performance analysis. The Savara method has been used for effective factors in preparing for digital transformation leadership. The Sawara method stands for Step-Wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis. The Savara method is one of the new multi-criteria decision making methods that was introduced in 2010 by Violeta Kershaline along with Zavadskas and Turskis. This method is used to calculate the weight of the criteria. Based on the research findings, practical suggestions are provided to school principals in Zarandieh. Relevant managers should help strengthen digital literacy by developing a digital vision. Existence of mental agility, quick adaptation and fast learning are effective in creating readiness to lead the digital transformation in the educational institutions of Zarandieh city. Also, increasing the focus on students and developing software facilities in order to respond to them, is one of the important pillars in establishing digital transformation leadership in educational institutions of Zarandieh city, which should be considered by the relevant managers. The meritocracy and ideal influence of the relevant principals have caused the mental encouragement of people to the written goals and individual attention and considerations in the schools of Zarandieh city should be considered more than before. In order to be ready to lead the digital transformation in the schools of Zarandieh city, it is necessary to pay more attention to increasing the authority of the specialized forces and supporting digital educational programs. Strengthening creativity and innovation among the principals and staff of Zarandieh schools will provide the preconditions for replacing the traditional activities of electronic methods, and finally the leadership of digital transformation will be established in the schools of Zarandieh city. This study also had some limitations. Lack of adequate scientific support and localized knowledge about digital transformation leadership has created limitations. Lack of operational experience and accurate statistics on digital transformation leadership in schools is another constraint. Due to the existing limitations, future researchers are recommended to conduct studies to conceptualize the discussion of digital transformation leadership with a theoretical perspective and from a technical perspective to deal with methods of implementing the digital transformation leadership model.Strengthening creativity and innovation among the principals and staff of Zarandieh schools will provide the preconditions for replacing the traditional activities of electronic methods, and finally the leadership of digital transformation will be established in the schools of Zarandieh city. This study also had some limitations. Lack of adequate scientific support and localized knowledge about digital transformation leadership has created limitations. Lack of operational experience and accurate statistics on digital transformation leadership in schools is another constraint.

many cases of breast cancer is diagnosed by women's themselves during self-examination. The goal of this study was to determine the Relationship between Breast self-examination and Self-esteem, Perceived Benefits/Barriers of Self-efficacy among Health Volunteers of Zarandieh city. This is a cross-sectional Breast Self Examination study and 106 health liaisons of Zarandieh city were involved. Data were collected using a multi-section questionnaire include demographic characteristics, Self-esteem, Perceived Benefits/Barriers of Self-efficacy and Breast self-examination behavior. The data analysis was performed by SPSS software. The rate of breast self-examination was 19 percent. Perceived benefits score among the patients was 46 per cent and perceived barriers score was 83 percent and fear of the test results were the main barriers of self-examination. Regression analysis showed that age, Education level, self-esteem and Perceived Benefits/Barriers, self-efficacy, all together explain 38.5% of breast self-examination variance and among them,pereceived barriers and self-esteem, was the most important predicting factor. The results of this study showed the relationship of Perceived Benefits/Barriers and self-esteem with breast self-examination.

Cervical cancer is the commonest malignancy among women in developing countries. Pap smear is only one proven strategy for the prevention by diagnosis of cervical cancer. The assessment of Health Belief Model construct about the performance s of Pap smear Test and its effective factors among Women's urban centers in Zarandieh. This is a cross-sectional analytical study carried out with 265 Urban Women in Zarandieh. This survey was done by completing a questionnaire based on health belief model. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests, independent samples t-test, logistic regression and descriptive statistics. The mean age of participants was 34.6 ± 4.25 years, and the mean score of all the constructs in this group was higher than that in the group with no history of pap smear (P<0.001).The most common reasons for testing was recommendation by health workers (71%). Among those who were never tested, low levels of perceived susceptibility (79%) were the most common barrier. Significant differences were detected between those tested and not tested in mean of score of all the variables HBM (sensitivity, benefits, barriers, threat and intensity perceived)) p<0.001). Based on the findings of this study, health care professionals must design educational program about cervical cancer in which both the benefits of Pap smear test and other HBM constructs including sensitivity are utilized.

Given the breadth and importance of rangelands in water and soil conservation, fodder production and environmental services and evidence of the destruction of this resource, some measures must be taken to prevent damage and also improve its condition. One of the most important measures is preparation and implementation of Range Management Plans. Hence, it is necessary to consider implemented projects to know that how much they have contributed in preventing damage and improving rangelands. In this research winter rangelands (with and without Range Management Plans) were investigated in Zarandieh. For this purpose, 16 rangelands with Range Management plan and 14 rangelands without Range Management plan were selected so that all management types (private, collective and different areas of rangeland) were taken into consideration with same climate conditions as far as possible. Consequently all rangelands were selected from Mamoonieh-Zarandieh region with warm and dry weather. After calculating the number of plots (60) and its size (2m2) in each vegetation type, a reference area was selected in which vegetation factors including canopy cover, yield, density, litter, species richness, range condition and trend were evaluated in time of range readiness. Statistical analysis of data was performed by t-test. According to the results, there were significant differences between studied rangelands in most of factors. Overall result of the study showed a better condition for rangelands with Range Management Plans.

Gully erosion is a serious threat to the society and environment of the study, primarily caused by surface runoff and dramatically accelerated due to rugged topography, soil properties and human induced factors. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate hydrologic processes affecting gully formation by topographic indexes in arid regions of the Markazi Province. Then threshold of the slope -area in the gully regions of Robattork and Pik-e Zarandie were determined. A logarithmic equation was developed using the morphometric characteristics of the gullies, the slope-area relationship at Robat-Tork was highly correlated and the b coefficient was negative. The investigations revealed surface flow with dissolution action was involved in this area. In the Pik-e Zarandie region, this correlation wasn't strong, but it was significant at the level 95%. In this region, the effect of surface flow and dissolution phenomenon on the gully formation was also evident. In addition to the importance of the climate, gully categorizing based on land use can be achieved with better models. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the indices of topographic thresholds that best reflect the conditions of the local physical environment and land cover/use.

The Zarandieh district is situated approximately 42 km northeast Saveh (Markazi province) and in the northwestern part of the Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic belt. In this area, mineralization is hosted by Eocene andesitic lava and Oligo-Miocene diorite and gabbroic rocks. According to the geochemical evidence, parental magma of igneous rocks is calc-alkaline, metaluminous and related to continental margin volcanic arcs. Mineralization has been observed as veins, veinlets and brecciated forms in diorite and gabbroic rocks. The main ore mineral is chalcopyrite and associated with pyrite, bornite, oligist, chalcocite, covellite, neotosit, native copper, malachite, azurite, chrysocolla, goethite and limonite. Cu grade in the ore samples are varied from 0.04 to 1.7 % (0.40 % in average). Statistical analyses of geochemical data from mineralized samples by Pearson method displayed that Cu has maximum correlation with Ag, As, Zn, Cd and Pb, respectively. Microthermometry studies of fluid inclusions show that the average homogenization temperature is 195° C and the average salinity of 23 wt% NaCl. The Zarandieh Copper mineralization is closely related to hydrothermal vein copper deposit types.

Herein, the stability of the Zarandieh-Saveh aquifer was investigated, based on field monitoring data and simulation. It was simulated involving GMS software and calibrated and vitrificated in both steady-state and unsteady-state conditions, for 84 monthly steps(2012 to 2022). The values of Aquifer Sustainability(AS) and Groundwater Dependence(DG) indices calculated equal to 31.1% and 0.78%, respectively, which shows the aquifer is in a critical condition and the region is highly dependent on groundwater. According to the Groundwater Damping Index(GDR), with the continuation of the present extraction process, the aquifer will be completely discharged in the next 53 years. The scenario of 20% reduction in annual extraction as the most appropriate scenario will result a rise equal 4 meters in ten years. The operation of the seasonal floods artificial recharging project has had a significant effect on improving the level of this aquifer. The interbasin transfer and recharging scenario of Al-Ghadir Dam overflow have a positive and significant effect on the groundwater level equal to 0.75 meters per year. Based on the results, the parameters and factors affecting the balancing of the Zarandieh aquifer, the first priority is to reduce the exploitation and then increase of recharging from the Al-Ghadir dam overflow site, which can have significant effects on the stability of this aquifer.