Nowadays we know effective supply chain management a key to business success. Therefore، supply chain managers use many practices for SCM effectiveness and many tools as their enablers. Nevertheless، literature about causal relations between SC enablers and SCM practices and performance is scarce. This study reports a cognitive mapping of causal relationships between SCM practices، SC enablers and SC performance based on expert''s knowledge. To do so، first Q-sort procedure operated to find a verified list of SCM practices and SC enablers in Iran. Then fuzzy cognitive mapping methodology performed with a new fuzzy approach without need of defuzzification throughout the process. This approach resulted in a cognitive map of fuzzy causal relationship. Final causal model depicts causal impacts of SC enablers on SCM practices and SCM practices on SC performance indicators and their severity.

This research aims to identify key components and indicators for managing green supply chains utilizing the Internet of Things (IoT). The methodology employed is a mixed approach consisting of two stages. First, through qualitative content analysis, this study reviews theoretical foundations and previous research to identify indicators associated with drivers for green supply chain management based on IoT. Subsequently, these indicators were presented to 22 experts in management and information technology to validate and verify them. The research findings reveal that the IoT-based green supply chain model encompasses nine components and 66 indicators. These components include intelligent supply chain management, real-time monitoring of object statuses in the supply chain, intelligent object transfer along the supply chain, intelligent object location in the supply chain, information transparency within the supply chain, corruption reduction, intelligent quality management within the supply chain, intelligent sourcing in the supply chain, intelligent distribution management, and intelligent inventory management. The comprehensive drivers in the proposed model emphasize the importance of incorporating IoT in supply chain management to enhance overall supply chain performance while addressing environmental concerns.IntroductionAs technology continues to advance rapidly across various industries, mankind has enjoyed an improved quality of life. However, the environmental toll of recent decades, such as global warming, water scarcity, polar ice melting, habitat destruction, and deforestation, has raised significant environmental concerns. Modern human activities have contributed to these environmental issues. Consequently, there is mounting pressure on companies to integrate environmentally responsible practices into their operations and supply chains. Recognizing the pivotal role of green supply chain management in sustainable job creation, environmental problem reduction, improved public health through safer food consumption, and enhanced agricultural land productivity, recent years have witnessed increased interest and research into the determinants of green supply chain management.MethodologyThis research adopts a mixed-method approach conducted in two stages. Firstly, qualitative content analysis is employed to review theoretical foundations and prior studies, facilitating the identification of indicators associated with drivers for green supply chain management using IoT. Subsequently, these identified indicators are validated and verified by 22 experts specializing in management and information technology.ResultsThe research findings indicate that green supply chain management, with an IoT approach, comprises nine components: intelligent supply chain management, real-time monitoring of object statuses, intelligent object transfer, intelligent object location, information transparency, corruption reduction, intelligent quality management, intelligent sourcing, intelligent distribution management, and intelligent inventory management.ConclusionsThis study highlights the presence of nine components and 66 indicators within the IoT-based green supply chain model. These components encompass various aspects of supply chain management, emphasizing the importance of incorporating IoT technology to enhance overall supply chain performance while addressing environmental considerations. Due to the growing concerns surrounding environmental issues and the emission of harmful substances by companies, it is highly recommended to incorporate the IoT into supply chain management. This integration serves to monitor and control the quantity of waste generated, and encourages the use of environmentally-friendly 3D printing for creating IoT sensors instead of traditional plastic materials. Furthermore, it is advisable to optimize waste collection schedules and routes for garbage trucks, as these measures can significantly reduce the time and resources spent on waste management. To facilitate this transition, managers should organize in-service training programs to educate employees about IoT technology and communication equipment, emphasizing the positive impact of these advancements on green supply chain management. Additionally, adopting state-of-the-art technologies like Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) in supply chain systems can contribute to the development of a sustainable and environmentally-conscious supply chain. Legislative bodies should also play a crucial role in promoting green supply chain practices by identifying and addressing legal loopholes in existing supply chain-related laws. This can be achieved through the implementation of incentives, such as tax reductions for eco-friendly companies, or penalties, including tax hikes, financial fines, and even legal repercussions, to encourage the adoption of smoother and more environmentally responsible supply chain management practices. It's worth noting that this research has certain limitations. It primarily relied on articles within specific databases during a defined timeframe, excluding other valuable sources like foreign books and theses due to accessibility constraints. Furthermore, qualitative research inherently depends on the researcher's interpretation and perspective, potentially affecting the reliability of the results. Lastly, challenges related to the COVID-19 pandemic and respondent reluctance posed difficulties during the research process.

The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of lean and agile supply chain strategies on supply chain responsiveness and firm performance with the mediating role of postponing the order and strategic partnership of suppliers in the automotive industry in Iran. The population of this study consists of the main automotive firms in Tehran. Morgan table was used to select firms as sample. The research questionnaire was distributed and collected among and from the senior managers of the selected firms based on the convenience sampling method. A standard questionnaire was used to measure variables. The research model was tested based on structural equation modeling and LISREL software. The results showed that lean supply chain strategy has no positive effect on supply chain responsiveness. Agile supply chain strategy has a significant positive effect on supply chain responsiveness. Supply chain response has a significant positive effect on firm performance. The strategy of postponing a customer order has a mediating role in the relationship between agile supply chain strategy and supply chain responsiveness. Finally, the positive effect of lean supply chain strategy on the supply chain responsiveness was confirmed through the mediating role of strategic partnership.

Impact of supply chain drivers on supply chain performance has no far been studied. In this research we want identifying supply chain drivers, classifying them and examining their relationship with Iran's supply chain performance. This research has innovation in identifying and classifying drivers and examining relationship between drivers and supply chain performance we used BSC for assessing supply chain performance. After Literature Review, 18 drivers identified and classified into 4 categories that are: supply chain processes, customer and product related, competition, and Communications. In drivers, supply chain processes have highest relationship with supply chain performance. Using pull-production system and lean production can help organization to improve their condition.

The integration of supply chain has always been a challenge for many companies. Despite the agreement on the strategic importance of supply chain integration, limited researches have been done on the relationship between supply chain integration and its impact on performance. In this study, sample size was 75 managers and experts from agriculture supply chain sector. Hence, interpretative structural modeling and structural equation modeling were used for analyzing the data (smart PLS). The results infer that the integration of marketing and supply chain management would improve supply chain performance through some factors. The results indicated Knowledge Management (KM), Human Resource Management (HRM), Information Technology (IT), marketing planning and supply chain planning are the most important indicators in improving Guar supply chain management. The Guar supply chain performance would be improved through the relationship between IT and HRM.

Blockchain technology is transforming various industry sectors, including pharmaceuticals, due to its potential to revolutionize the drug system. Integrating blockchain into supply chain design decentralizes pharmaceutical supply chain management, improving workflow efficiency and reducing security threats. This study examines the impact of integrating blockchain technology into pharmaceutical supply chain practices on transparency and resilience. By adopting organizational information processing theory, a research model was developed to investigate the impact of blockchain features, including data quality, smart contracts, and traceability, on supply chain resilience and transparency. Additionally, the study examined the impact of supply chain transparency on resilience. Data were collected from 215 pharmaceutical industry personnel in Iran using an electronic survey. RStudio software was used for data analysis. The results showed that data quality significantly affects the transparency and resilience of the pharmaceutical supply chain. While smart contracts are positively associated with supply chain transparency, they do not impact resilience. Traceability is positively associated with both transparency and resilience. Blockchain-based supply chain transparency positively impacts resilience. Integrating blockchain technology into the pharmaceutical supply chain can enhance transparency and resilience, enabling recovery from disruptive events. These insights can help pharmaceutical supply chain managers and stakeholders develop strategies to best utilize blockchain technology for enhancing transparency and resilience.

The green supply chain is based on the integrity of environmental management and supply chain management to control Environmental Impact on Product Lifecycle Through Co-ordination of All Suppliers of Supply Chain. The purpose of this research is to identify and categorize green supply chain drivers in the hand woven carpet industry. The statistical population of this research in first stage is hand woven carpet experts and in the second stage are members of the supply chain of hand woven carpet industry, including raw material suppliers, sellers, manufacturers, etc. First, using the team of experts, among the 34 variables mentioned in the questionnaire, 17 items were selected as the main drivers of the green supply chain in hand woven carpet industry then another questionnaire was distributed among the members of the supply chain. Using exploratory factor analysis, the factors were classified into five categories. Using the AHP method, the priority of each categories are information, regulation, competition, logistics and marketing. At the end, suggestions such as the development of e-commerce and the cooperation of competitors have been given to improve the supply chain performance.

Social, economic, political, environmental issue, and change of consumer behavior has quickly focused on the food supply chain. The bread supply chain is one of the important supply chains due to the strategic importance of wheat products in food security policies and bread as one of the most important items in the household food basket in Iran. However, the risk in the chain has been disturbing and reducing its performance. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the supply chain risk management of bread in Iran. So, this study aimed to provide a strategy for bread supply chain risk management in general agricultural policy goals in four phases including identification of bread supply chain risks, assessment of bread supply chain risks, evaluation of bread supply chain risks and solutions for prevention of bread supply chain risks. The results of the research showed that policy makers should be investigated knowledge and positive attitude about bread supply chain risk management, planning and policy at micro and macro levels using research, extension, education and implementation tools for risk management of this chain. So, a framework explain for bread supply chain risk management in Iran and how it is implemented.

The present research has done to  provide the  assessing model for the resilience of the supply chain in medical centers. The research is (quantitative-qualitative) in terms of purpose and mixed in terms of the nature of the data. The method of information collection is Library studies and field data collection method through semi-structured interview tool in the qualitative part and questionnaire in the quantitative part. The research community in the qualitative part of the experts includes senior managers and supply chain managers of medical centers, who were selected by non-probability purposeful sampling method and theoretical snowball technique in the number of 8 people based on theoretical saturation criteria. The findings of the qualitative section with the Foundation's data method, which included causal, contextual, and intervening factors and the central phenomenon, and the factors were identified. In the quantitative section, 23 experts were selected to design the model. In the inferential statistics section, the statistical population was 336 people from the supply chain managers and experts of public hospitals in Tehran province, based on Cochran's formula, 184 people were selected by stratified random method based on the number of hospital employees to evaluate the model. Based on the fuzzy Delphi results, 33 components were identified for supply chain resilience in medical centers. The findings of the comprehensive interpretive-structural modeling showed that the four dimensions of "supply chain support system", "risk management", "management of goods suppliers", "methods of supply chain management" in the independent category and four dimensions of "supply chain resilience strategies" ", "strategic supply chain strategies", "support-response strategies" and "supply chain resilience" are related. In the following, the designed model was explained and tested using the structural equation modeling method and Smart PLS software. The results of structural equation modeling showed that "Risk Management" is related to "Supply Chain Support System" and "Supplier Management"; "Supply Chain Support System" on "Supplier Management"; "Supplier Management" on "Supply Chain Management Methods"; And "supply chain management methods" have a positive and significant effect on "supply chain resilience strategies", "strategic supply chain strategies" and "response-support strategies". The results indicate that a higher level of risk management and supply chain support system can improve the resilience performance of the supply chain of medical centers and highlight the importance of strategies.