Scientific study of power and its relations to the Geo-political space in transnational scale are the subjects that geopolitics deals them. the Middle East and especially geopolitical space of the West Asia have been center of developments and events nowadays which have attracted attention of the world and regional powers, so that these events have a significant impact on international equations. The Middle East is like a geopolitical laboratory, by understanding the geopolitical equations and its rules, it can provide a great pathway to create Peace and stability.
Huge collection of threats, conflicts, tensions, war and instability in the Middle East today, as “ the most volatile region of the world or fragile belt” exist That the main purpose of this article is scientific study based on Geopolitics science perspective on these events in this region of the world to gain a great understanding of formulas and The policies in this geopolitical space.
the present article by using descriptive-analytical method tries to Identify the threats and risks and deal with them and also help to strengthen regional stability and Iran's geopolitical foundation and also present ways for Achieving them. That all above have mentioned in this paper.

Influenced by various factors with various functions, the geopolitical climate in each country or region might be under a range of conditions from fully favorable to unfavorable, where the actors in the international system, who are under the influence of their specific objectives- try to define and explain the geopolitical environment in their country or in the region. The Gulf of Oman region and its peripheral countries involving Iran, Oman, and the United Arab Emirates, considered a part of the geopolitics of the Indian Ocean region, is a relatively unknown environment in terms of various dimensions including geopolitical factors and interests related to defense affairs. Therefore, having conducted theoretical studies on the Gulf of Oman region, this article tries to detect and explain the geopolitical interests of coastal countries, as well as the regional and trans-regional countries by using analytical-descriptive method in an applied manner.

During the last few years, the globalization phenomenon has become as a day today topic of discussion in the customary academic and public circles around the globe. Therefore, in the course of history, if we study the transformation of our identities from family to tribal, from local to national and governmental, then question comes to our mind that if this process will continue in 21st century, too. Apparently, globalization has unlimited boundary so far as culture, economy and politics around the globe are concerned which from the viewof time and space has no limitation and constraints, and apparently with respect to recent geopolitical condition has strengthened localization against globalization with the western cultural identity, which coincidentally is the recent creation.

The collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, and the transformation of the old security arrangement created a new geopolitical environment in the Caucasus region. In fact, the unique geographical conditions, ethnic- racial and religious diversity, the heritage of socialism in the cultural, political, economic and social structures, strategic position, competitions between regional and extra-regional powers have caused dramatic changes in the Caucasus region. The war between Russia and Georgia was seemingly over South Ossetia because of Georgia’s claim of restoring its territorial integrity and Russia’s declaration of protecting a minority group and supporting their self-determination rights. However, the authors argue that the causes of the conflict between Russia and Georgia are deeply rooted and go beyond the issue of separatism.

This paper examines different interrelations between geopolitics and religion in international arena: what are the impacts and implications? In new approaches in geopolitics we can find the new traces for religion. Many scholars have discussed the issue from different orientations. Religion revivalism in the international system is moving forward: meanwhile secularism witnesses a decreasing role. The main argument here is to see how religious strategies can affect Westphalia system of nation-states, and transform the international system. So, it seems that understanding the system of interaction between religion and geopolitics can pave the way for understanding conflict management and confronting challenges and threats. The role of religion would be discussed in US as a case study.

Transformation in the Middle East geopolitical security environment after September 11, has induced the players in the region to adopt different realistic approaches to critical incidents. In this case, Russia is one of the players who has adopted a realistic approach and deeply involved itself in Syria crisis. In this crisis, Russia in a geopolitical conflict and in competition with other regional and trans-regional rivals pursues its military-security and strategic interests. Contrary to some regional players, with different and contradictory positions who consider and pursue the overthrown scenario of Bashar Al-Assad, Russia keeping its security considerations in this crisis, attempts to support Syria government against internal opposition and international supporters, and keep Assad Regime in power so as to provide its interests and strategic objectives both in Syria and in the security environment in East Mediterranean. Regarding this concern, the main question is that what is the geopolitics importance of the Syria in Russia’s security environment?
To answer this question, the authors hypothesize that in the security environment of Russia, military and strategic importance of Syria is of a great value which keeps a balance in security equation of East Mediterranean. It should be noted that this paper will adopt aninvasiveand defensive realism approach all throughout its content.

The existing countries in geopolitics space of the world has always changed through out the history and will change. In this relation, there exists a set of deformation forces in the geopolitics of the world which continuous the changing and transformation trend. In relation with this changing, Isostays or parity between the opposite political- geographical forces shall be considered, that this parity along with separation or unifying is resulting from the movement factor. Also opposing forces in the political geography science with including 500 personnel are classified with the names such as symbolism, circulation, centrifugal, dispersion and central tendency and based on the findings of this study are classified as Deterritorialization and Reterritorialization. Although the main approach of this study is of realistic type and its main attention is toward the government's acting besides the other sub-national and trans national actors but nationalism is one of the main deformation and transformation forces which enables the condition for creation of new countries. Globalization, geopolitical realities and power relationships are the other conditions which facilitates this creation. The method of this study is of descriptive- analytical one and is trying to answer this main question that if new countries are added to the political map of the world or not? The findings of this study show that there is a power named reterritorialization in political geography which determines and defines the space, rules and orders of our world in upcoming years and pave the road for creation and appearance of new countries in the political space of the world.

The Eurasia Initiative (EAI) was launched in 2013 by the South Korean President immediately following Chinese Belt - Road Initiative and was reaffirmed in 2017 by the current President of Korea announcing the new Northern policy. The Korean idea which seeks to link Seoul with Eurasian energy resources and markets has been formulated independent from the priorities and objectives of the Belt - Road Initiative, but South Korea's involvement in BRI is probably the country's only chance to implement its Eurasian Initiative.Examining Central Asia’s geopolitical and geostrategic position and role in EAI and BRI, the present paper discusses the potentialities for convergence between these two initiatives and South Korea's participation in BRI for achieving its Eurasian perspectives. The authors try to find an answer for the following questions: to what factors does the implementation of the EAI depend; and what is Central Asia’s role in this regard? The hypothesis tested is that Seoul’s joining to BRI is the only real chance to implement EAI, and since Central Asia is a joint chapter of both initiatives, Beijing and Seoul’s shared focus can be effective in developing both initiatives. The methodology this paper applies is descriptive-analytical and the library resources are used. The findings also confirm the validity of the research hypothesis.

During Bush presidency, the crises in the Middle East were on the increase. Of course the Middle East countries have always been in a conflicting geopolitical atmosphere. One of the principal causes of this increase in the crises could be the delay in state building and the interference of the big powers in the region. However, the variety of economic resources in this region has paved the way for more conflicts. Following the September 11 event, using its military and strategic powers, the U.S reconstructed its position, signs of which may be seen in its military campaign against Iraq. The present article seeks to prove that the regional challenges and the Bush war led to the continuation of the crisis. Generally, the September 11 event and the war in Iraq have given rise to the promotion of terrorism discourse by the U.S, thus preparing the grounds for activating the strategy of campaign against terrorism. Nevertheless, the region has not seen a relative balance of powers. Transience from the regional crises requires the reconstruction of the relations among the Middle East countries so that it can provide the possibility of the moderation of relations of the big powers with the regional actors. Military measures, the strategy of changing regimes, the theory of the Great Middle East, expansion of the military bases, and lack of the balance of powers are considered the main factors of the continuation of the Middle East crises.