This study addressed the Micro Plastics (MPs

The Ark clam, Barbatia decussata (Bivalvia: Arcidae) is a member of intertidal communities occurring at rocky shores in the northern Persian Gulf. B. decussata is a permanent resident at the shaded side of the rocky substrates, attached by byssus threads. Distribution, density, shell length and weight parameters of this clam were explored in four sub area including Kohien, Hosseinabbad, Lengeh and Bostaneh from August 2011 to September 2012 (14 months) by monthly sampling on rocky intertidal shores in the northern Persian Gulf. The results showed that the Ark clam mostly occurred in the middle followed by lower intertidal zones and its random distribution was associated with substrate morphology mostly occurring on shaded sides of boulders and cobbles followed by in crevices. Mean density was estimated 8.4±2.1 (individuals per m2) in the study area. Although Mean density was not different between mid and low shore but it was significantly different among pairwise locations with exception of Bostaneh and Hosseinabbad. The mean shell length was significantly lower in mid shore (24.36mm) than low shore (30.13). Also the mean ash free dry weight (AFDW) in mid shore was significantly lower in mid shore (0.18g) than low shore (0.39g). Ashe free dry weight for this clam increases allometrically with shell length in mid shore (b= 2.79) and low shore (b=3) respectively.

The study was carried out to evaluate the seasonal variations of dominant seaweed biomass and species composition at six different sites during 4 seasons from autumn 2008 till summer 2009 in the sand flats of tidal areas of the Bushehr Province. Algal samples were collected using quadrate sampling (0.5 × 0.5 m) from 4 different tidal areas (upper mid littoral, mid mid littoral, low mid littoral and infra littoral) at each site. Samples collected were sorted as far as possible at the location and placed in plastic bags. The plastic bags were placed in an ice-chest during transportation to the laboratory. Algal samples were distinguished using valid references. In sum, this study recorded 13 dominant seaweed species including 3 Chlorophyta, 4 Phaeophyta and 6 Rhodophyta were. Among Chlorophyta, Entromorpha intestinalis was the dominant species at all sites. This is while, Cystoseira myrica and Gracilaria corticatay both showed maximum biomass among the Phaeophyta and Rhodophyta, respectively.

This study has been done to provide a management plan to protect the marine ecosystem values in North Pars number three through the identification of biological environment of the sea and to estimate the percentage of seabed coverage study was based on direct observations, measurements and laboratory analysis to evaluate the results. In general, the parameters include coastal ecosystems (coastal zone to sub-tidal zone), aquatic ecosystems (aquatic plants, plankton, macrobenthic invertebrates and coral communities), species at risk and protected areas. For this purpose, a preliminary study of marine has been done in two coastal zone between tidal and sub-tidal, by using Mantato, diving operations and underwater photography and grab Methods. Study of the components of the seabed coverage in tidal zone has been performed by using diving operations along one transect perpendicular to the shore and in three stations. To evaluate the the components of the seabed coverage, life cover percentage such as (soft coral, hard coral, dead coral, seaweed, urchin, sea cucumbers, clams, mollusks, crustaceans, and other inorganic materials) were determined. The results of study, indicate the moderate diversity of coastal zone in terms of geomorphological, coastal bed type and also sensitive biological resources in study area.

Aim and Given the importance of the intertidal benthic communities as well as increasing urban and industrial facilities on the coast, this study was carried out to obtain basic information required in the control of the coast, environmental. Sampling was conducted in Bandar e Abbas, Bandar e Jask and Bandar e Lengeh by a powerboat in 2011 seasonally. In this study Polycheata, Oligocheata, Crastacea, Mollusca, Nematoda, Nemerteana, Foraminiferida, Ophiuroidea and others were carried out. Results showed that Crustacea had the maximum density with amount of 333950 indm-2. Any changes to coastal ecosystems and intertidal zone will result in a change in the factors that govern the benthic communities as indicators of environmental changes as well as the dynamics of the visible world, evaluating and calculating. Due to Macrobenthos density and biodiversity indicators, it seems that a significant change in the density and biodiversity after algal bloom did not exist therefore; it had been before on the coast of Hormozgan.

Similarity of the pattern distribution of macrofauna in the intertidal zone was studied at two cobble stations in Bushehr province, during winter and summer 2014, and spring 2015. In this study, 1495 individuals (N/m2) were collected. These are classified by similar biological, nutritional or reproductive characteristics into 12 groups and are arranged in the following taxa-groups dominancy: [Mollusks > Peracarid > Balanus > Xanthoid crabs > Echinoderms > other crabs > Alpheus > Porcellanidae crabs > Anemone-Sponge > Portunidae crabs > Grapsidae crabs] The highest frequency of macrozoobenthos was in winter and the least in the spring. The mollusks are abundant in two stations and three seasons. These are aggregated on cobble surfaces during winter for foraging and breeding. The wave action in the rainy months and the time in which these are out of water, also behavioral variations have influences on the spatial patterns in gastropods. The lower tidal zone showed more taxonomic similarity by habitats for distribution of macrozoobenthos, especially gastropods. The pattern of mollusks distribution increased from the upper tidal zone to the lower tidal zone. The distribution of other taxa-groups was more density in the middle zone. Golestan and Rostami stations were similar by the cobble coverage substrate so presented close abundances and structure of macrofauna. In order to values of Shannon's diversity index, were calculated in the stations (H'=0.6 Golestan and H'= 0.7 Rostami).

Although there are different groups of invertebrate in the world, little information about ascidian species from Iranian coastal waters exists. The present study attempts to describe the presence and distribution of Phallusia nigra intertidal zone of Hengam Island. P. nigra specimens were collected in intertidal zone traversal From Ship hulls and metal plates were remained in the area. Samples were placed in the closed jar with formaldehyde and then transferred to the laboratory and Taxonomic identification was carried out using authoritative keys and literature. In this study, unlike previous results which limited to shallow waters were influenced by the various phenomenonand and residing in shallow area. It seems that lower depth is not distribution limitation factor. The basic data in the region, a tool to estimate the possible effects on animals as biofouling invasion sites in the future.

The aim of this study was determination of diversity, dominance and species richness of intertidal zone crabs of coastal field of Bushehr seaport. 9 stations were selected for sampling in the inter-tidal zone and sampling bed sediments was done in both warm (August 2015) and cold (December 2015) seasons using Quadrate (25×25 cm) randomly. Samples were preserved by using 10% buffered formalin and transported to the laboratory and counted and identified. More over physicochemical properties of water such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO) and water salinity were also measured in each station. Diversity index was investigated using Shannon-Weaver formula, dominancy index was investigated using Simpson formula, and species richness was investigated using Margalof formula. The identified samples were totally 13 species from 7 families and 1 order. The most frequent identified families in seasons were Grapsidae , Porcellanidae and Xanthidae. According to the results of ANOVA, there were significant differences between frequency changes of crabs in all stations (P0.05). Also results of this study indicate that the most diversity rate (1.916) was in station 3 and warm season, the most species richness rate (4.454) was in station 3 and warm season and the most dominancy rate (1.000) was in station 1, 2, 9 and warm season. At the end of study, we can conclude that diversity of inter-tidal zone crabs in Bushehr seaport coastline was low.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the reproductive and recruitment patterns of Uca sindensis crab in intertidal zone of Pohl port in Bandar Abbas. The coordinates of sampling area were in latitudes 26 degrees and 45 minutes to 27 degrees and 10 minutes north and longitude 55 degrees and 20 minutes to 56 degrees east with area of 26.4 km2. Samples were monthly taken from October 2009 to September 2010 in the intertidal zone of Pohl port when the tide was ebb. 10 quadrates with area of 5.0X5.0 m2 were used for sampling, as every quadrates excavated to a depth of 30 cm. samples collected were transported to the laboratory. Samples were biometried using caliper with precision of 0.05 mm and eggs counted using the method of Litulo, 2004. Analysis and recruitment curves and frequency distribution of crab population was done by FISAT II software. The results showed that the reproductive pattern in this species was seasonal, and starting from April to August. Ovigerous females in length class of 4.5 to 11.5 mm were more abundant than any other classes with average of Carapace width about 7.56+-2.24. There was linear and direct relationship between carapace width and eggs, and positively relationship between them. Carapace width of Female crabs which carry about 2340 eggs was 4.5 however female crabs with 11,300 eggs was 11.5 mm. Carapace width showed a linear relationship with abdominal width. A peak was observed quite regularly in recruitment that was started in October and most of its value was between June and July months. Finally, this study showed that in the subtropical region of Pohl port, the amount of organic matter and soil temperature were two key factors that have the most effects on reproduction, growth and population of fiddler crabs.