Criminal responsibility in the international arena has many forms. Individual criminal responsibility, criminal responsibility in the light of joint (collective) criminal activity, and responsibility of commanders and superiors are three common forms of criminal responsibility. In fact, in this field; the general principle of individual criminal responsibility according to the nature of international crimes has been accompanied by exceptions that criminal responsibility resulting from joint criminal activity and criminal responsibility of commanders and high-ranking officials are two examples that are imposed in international criminal courts in order to impose criminal responsibility. They are cited as perpetrators of international crimes. The present study, which was written in a descriptive-analytical method with the aim of "examining the criminal responsibility of the perpetrators of the assassination of Sardar Soleimani based on the three forms of international criminal responsibility", comes to the conclusion that: the criminal responsibility of the perpetrators of a terrorist act leading to martyrdom General Soleimani and his companions, in the form of all three forms of criminal responsibility, i.e. 1- individual criminal responsibility, 2- criminal responsibility in the light of joint (collective) criminal activity, and 3- the responsibility of commanders and superior officials, and depending on the way of participation and interference or The lack of involvement of the perpetrator in the material operations determines the form of criminal responsibility

Reactive or criminal prevention of delinquency consists of complex measures and actions of criminal justice system that have been applied after committing to a crime in order to deter potential and actual criminals from committing the first or another crime. Criminal policy makers usually use several mechanisms for accelerating criminal process to stop prolongation the time of tribunal, ignoring the rights of actors of criminal suits and preventive function of criminal justice system. In this paper, accelerating the criminal process in both national and international criminal policy is investigated.

Iran's criminal policy in narcotics and psychotropic crimes has been based on a preventive criminal criminal policy. Has also tended towards mass-oriented criminal policy; The context for creating a criminal policy against drug crimes has been such that it has always been in favor of the "deterrence theory" and has legitimized the death penalty; At some point in time, and especially in recent years, the legislature has tried to adjust its criminal policy and in 2017 in the form of adding a legal article to the Anti-Narcotics Law; Make a fundamental change in it, a clear example of which is the huge reduction in the number of executions and life imprisonment in this law; Adjusting the preventive criminal policy against narcotics and psychotropic crimes will play a great role in eliminating the execution of Iran's criminal justice system and promoting Iran's human rights position in the international community; This adjustment can be attributed to the post-revolutionary criminal experience and internal and external criticisms of the preventive and strict criminal policy; The criminal policy proposed in this article is a non-criminal preventive criminal policy in the fight against drugs.

The participation of people and social institutions in the criminal trial process is among the embodies of "collaborative criminal policy", which has different functions in the scope of criminal law and response to crime and criminality.In fact, the failure of the criminal justice system in preventing delinquency by resorting to unilateral and repressive approaches led scholars of the criminal rights to think about the policies of "non-intervention of criminal rights" or in its modified form, "limiting its intervention in the criminal process" and instead of that, introducing more people and social institutions.The conclusion of the research is that Iran's criminal justice system influenced by the developments of criminal sciences and inspired by the basics of jurisprudential and trusted by civil society and in order to take advantage of popular participation capacity and social institutions, proceed to predicting institutions such as criminal mediation, recognizing non-govermental organizations and alternative penalties.This matter in Imamiyah jurisprudence as the main source of Iran's criminal law has emerged obviously in all stages of criminal proceedings, even before conducting the criminal process.

Speaking of criminal liability arising from the remote surgeries and also robotic surgeries for the minds which have accustomed to dogmatic in the realm of criminal law، is an unfamiliar issue. This is while new boundary in the field of criminal responsibility lead our surgical team to where through a rethinking of the traditional teaching on this topic، we analyze special and differential components of remote & robotic surgeries، thus، in this paper، the authors attempt that parallel to explaining the theoretical foundations governing criminal liability of the surgical team in surgical robotics، regarding software and hardware problems that have hampered the surgery which Cause harm to the patient & and perhaps leading to patient death، separate them & according to the consequences of each of these disorders explain the differential regulation of criminal responsibility the surgical team. Besides، the authors intend to provide a new reading of criminal liability by reflecting on new approach of criminal legislator in new Islamic criminal law and via this reply this question that what has been essentially established regarding criminal liability in new Islamic criminal law is an evolution in this area whose effects can be seen in criminal liability resulted from robotic surgeries or It merely refers to changes that may be difficult to call it evolution in criminal liability area.

Judicial criminal policy despite of legislative criminal policy, extends the subject of crime and the criminal consequences to the illegal acquisition of property, when it faces Article 2 of the Law of Severe Penalties. In addition, criminal behavior is extended to property acquisition through the ways, which have not been legalized by the legislator and as a result, the illegal behavior would be realized by non-action, possessing and holding property. Therefore, this article is in conformity with unfair possession. So, the judicial criminal policy, despite of legislative criminal policy, has a lot of similarities with Article 20 of Convention against Corruption on the crime issue, criminal behavior, criminal consequence and causal relationship. Pointing to the Severe Penalty, Promotion of Healthy Administrative Law and Article 20 of Convention against Corruption, reveals differentiating the criminal policy by the lawmaker in the framework of three criteria: 1- typology of crimes, 2- typology of criminals, and 3- typology of pre-criminal situation. According to the above criteria, there appear many similarities between Article 2 of Severe Penalties and Article 20 of Convention against Corruption. However, judicial criminal policy extends Article 2 to some cases of financial deviations, despite of legislative differentiation.

Criminal liability of legal entities, including new and emerging issues in the criminal justice system is born. Despite the adoption of these important public interests as told by lawyers, principles, and elements of criminal responsibility for this category of persons has not been analyzed properly. Thus, the criminal law cannot be the same way and measure that determines the basis for criminal liability for individuals, criminal liability for legal entities to measure, and the principles of criminal liability of legal entities of the necessary analysis of criminal law. In this paper, based on the subjects to analyze the most important element of criminal liability for legal entities, the constituent elements of criminal capacity with an emphasis on Islamic Penal Code will be discussed in 1392. Essential component of the criminal investigation capacity can be more correct analysis of criminal liability of legal persons and better understanding of the subject could be offered.

The doctrine of “Joint Criminal Enterprise” is considered as a controversial form of criminal responsibility in international criminal law. This doctrine has been formed and developed in the light of the case law of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) and has frequently been emphasized by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) and the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR). On the other hand, in the Iranian criminal law, “Leadership of Criminal Group” is one of the innovations of Islamic Penal Code approved in 2013 reflected in its Article 130. In this article, the most important similarities and differences between these two legal institutions – the former being derived from international criminal law and the latter based on the Iranian criminal law - are discussed, and certain suggestions have been given to improve the Iranian law in this regard. Keywords: Joint Criminal Enterprise, Criminal Group, Leadership, Co-perpetration, Aiding and Abetting.

The spread of criminal activities and crime recurrence rates, as well as available statistics, indicate that in Iran, having an effective criminal policy in dealing with criminal phenomena, and in particular in dealing with professional criminals, and in this regard, control and Intervention to reform and re-socialize them and also to prevent them from entering the field of crime We are in crisis because managing the reaction against this group of criminals, control and interventions to reform and re-socialize them and basically prevent people from entering the field Delinquency requires having an efficient, appropriate and reasonable criminal policy and of course in all relevant areas (legislative, judicial, executive and participatory), so the crisis we are facing, weaknesses, shortcomings, problems And there are obstacles in all areas, pillars and components of Iran's criminal policy in dealing with this group of criminals.The present study seeks to answer the important and fundamental question of the position of Iran's legislative criminal policy in terms of form and content in relation to this group of criminals with a descriptive and analytical method and explanation of basic concepts. And in essence, in the legal field, can we extract from the heart of the existing criminal regulations regarding this group of criminals? What is the response strategy in the field of legislation?

There are two types of policies in criminal lawJustice-oriented criminal policy and other security-oriented or enemy-oriented criminal policy, while in justice-oriented criminal policy, the principle is to limit the responsibility of individuals and not to interfere in individuals' private lives. Most governments are shaped by the privacy of individuals as well as the development of individual responsibility. There is no sense of security in the communities, what is the nature of the criminal policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran? We have talked in detail about the definition and concept of multiple crime in the previous topics. Stein's research was descriptive-analytical using library data. frameworks of criminal law are defined and explained by criminal policy, the type The criminal policy model can have a significant impact on a country's criminal law, and if it is not an exaggeration, it should be said that criminal law is born of the criminal policy model and it goes without saying that criminal policy makers can not value values, ideological principles and theoretical foundations. And the ideology of the political system to remain indifferent and disobedient.