The emergence of the brutal and rigid Da'esh (ISIS) group has given rise to yet another discussion concerning Jihad and martyrdom causing thinkers and scholars to focus on the intellectual foundations of defense of Islam as well as on certain manifestations of such defense such as, most notably, the uprising of the Chief of Martyrs, Imam Hussein (AS).  Having examined the uprising led by Imam Hussein (AS) the author concludes that his uprising was not based on the principle of enjoining good and forbidding evil in its more specific jurisprudential sense; rather it was based on the principle of the defense of Islam and was carried out under Zabbi (protective) Jihad which is different from offensive Jihad and defensive Jihad as evidenced in various scriptural sources. In any case, Zabbi Jihad comes under the category of Jihad and the jurisprudential rules regarding martyrs will also apply to defenders.

One of the realms in Islamism which manifest and confirm grandeur and greatness of Islam appropriately and completely is investigation and recognition of Islamic civilization –as one of the basic and history making civilization-. Professor Motahari is among Islamists and intellectuals who have had special attitude and fascination towards Islamic civilization and its related subjects in the direction of opinionative defense of Islam. In this research it was tried to describe and analyze the aforesaid professor’s point of view about reasons and elements of weakness, backwardness and decline of civilization according to library-documentary approach. Performed investigations inference that he categorized the effective elements to two general internal and external branches (intra-civilization and extrocivilization). However, in presenting the subjects special attention and emphasize have been concentrated on intra elements and external elements have been referred briefly and concisely.

One of the realms in the field of Islamic studies that properly and competently reveals and proves the magnificence of Islam is the study of and knowledge about the Islamic civilization – as one of the major history-making civilizations. Ustad Mutahhari is among the Muslim scholars and thinkers who has expressed special approach and interest in the Islamic ccivilization and its related issues in line with ideological defense of Islam. This study attempts to analyze and elucidate the viewpoint of Ustad Mutahhari concerning the inner elements of the weakness, backwardness, and degradation of the mentioned civilization with the library-documentary method. The findings of the research suggests that he has discussed various and numerous elements in ideological, intellectual, cultural, scientific, and social dimensions with a special interest and concentration.

The current age is full of regional wars in the Middle East and defending the land and frontiers of Islamic Republic of Iran based on geostrategic theories is not restricted to the national geography of this country. The question of how to defend the country at this juncture is an issue of contemplation by the legal and political circles and thinkers, i.e. diplomacy and action. This paper, developed through an analytical-descriptive method and by using library tools has come to the conclusion that a glance at the jurisprudential fundamentals indicates that self-defense, i.e. use of force to avoid damage is obligatory. A clear example of this is the use of force for defense as exception to the principle of prohibition of resorting to force. Of course, jurisprudential approaches toward the issue are sometimes accompanied by differences. The necessity of jihad for defense is not conditional to the decision of the infallible leader or his private or public vicegerent. However, with the presumption of formation of a powerful Islamic rule headed by just and obedient leader, if possible and in case of lack of serious damage for delay in defense until legal permission, defense at the permission and based on the decision of a legitimate leader will be permissible upon his discernment. This paper, reviewing differences in opinions over the issue, intends to clarify self-defense in view of Islam as well as its jurisprudential fundamentals, the extent of jihad for defense, including defense of Islam against conspiracies of the enemies, defending the land and territory of Islam, defending Islamic states, defending Muslim citizens of Islamic states and other believers, and finally terms and restrictions of jihad for defense, concentrating discussion of the issue on Imam Khomeini’s viewpoints.

A Long History of ideas, there has always been a remarkable sensitivity toward women’s issues. Today, it is also an important topic for research. To address this problem profoundly and to make a defence of Islam viwes on women’s issue involve knowing Islamic and non-Islamic views about women’s issues to be sure, It is better to do it in a more comparative form. In this paper, thus, we compare Imam khomeini’s views on women’s dignity with radical feminists views. We believe that Imam khomeinis Islamic viwes on women is more deliberate and defensible than feminist views. At the end of the article, we suggest some points about studying Imam Khomeinis views on women.

Iraqi eight Years war against Iran is an inseparable part of the history of our country and in this regard, some books, texts and memories were written with certain style and terms, specific to it. In order to introduce Iran's Holy Defense to the world, it is needed to translate such texts into other languages. Since this literature, particularly Imam Khomeini's literature, is different from War Literature, the translations run into some problems. Given that a few or no books and work in this field have been translated into German and despite of the problems of translation in the field of holy defense work, the researcher decided to find a way to translate them into German so that it can be possible to provide Germans with an appropriate pattern of divine management and commandant and Islam point of view even in situations like wars. This study entitled "the problems of translating holy defense literature into German" was conducted in order to find solutions to resolve the problems of the translation of such works. Accordingly, ten notable problems were identified and similarly ten solutions were proposed, including the emphasis on the translation based on the cultural similarity and the contingency translation in order to meet its final objective which is to convey values and basis of defense in Islam as well as magnanimous defense by Iranians in the imposed war to foreigners through translating the literature of the Holy Defense.

Defense is the most important issues of all human societies, especially Islamic societies, and important issues has been paid attention to the Islamic religion is the idea of defense. The matter of defense for Muslims, especially the system Iran is very sensitive and it is important and necessary to deal with the basics of defense. If the category of defense does not exist, security as the first and most important need of the individual and society in the Islamic system will not be achieved. The subject of defense in the Quran, Islamic culture and in the field of Nahj al-Balaghah education is of special importance, in this e book, a major part of the precious writings of Imam Ali directly or indirectly explains the components of Defense, military affairs are related.The purpose this research is to explain the foundations and principles of Islamic defense from the Nahj al-Balagha. The documentary statistical population, wisdoms and sermons of Hazrat Ali that are included in Nahj al-Balagha and all the propositions extracted are analyzed, and the non-documental statistical population includes 12 people who deal with religious sciences. The data has been collected through library studies and, through questionnaires and interviews, and method descriptive and content, it tries to answer to the question that the basics and principles What are the defenses of Islam from the point of view of Nahj al-Balagha? The research results include 18 cases of value bases of defense and 40 cases of defense principles from the Nahj al-Balagha

According to the explicit wording of the holy Quran, The Great Prophet is introduced as the prophet of mercy, the harbinger of peace, and the messenger of reconciliation. Whosoever insulted him, or behaved him unfairly and acted violently, was behaved affectionately by him in return. In spite of the fact that he was very kind and forgiver to all who were cruel to him [he was even kind to his enemies], some ill-wishers have unjustly accused him of violence. The present essay, in the first place, aims at defining and describing the concept of violence. In the second place, it explains the axels of violence accusation against The Holy Prophet (s). inally, the groundlessness and absurdity of these accusations are proved and it is fully explained that applying judicial verdicts and punitive decrees and rules exist merehy to prevent the wrongdoings, delinquencies and abnormalities in the society. The defense and the related decrees in Islam is analyzed and defined as defending one's own body and property against the invasion of strangers, and so on. The defense in Islam is based on the religion and religion is based on the reason and in full accordance with it. Even fightings with some of the implacoble Jewish foes were all just defending against their attacks, since they always attacked Muslims starting the wars. Therefore, none of the axels of violence accusation against his majesty (s) can be considered as violence.

One of the matchless obligations for making attempts toward re-sublimation of Islamic civilization and culture, which enjoys a bright and unequalled background in history, is reference to the real cultural history of this very civilization. The present article has been founded on the basis of the ideas of the German researcher (Thomas Bauer) in his The Culture of Ambiguity: Another Side of Islam. The research methodology in this work is mainly cultural studies; that is, study of a certain period from the perspective of cultural procedure. The writer shows that the eminent Muslim scholars in various fields of Islamic sciences such as science of recitation, interpretation, jurisprudence, and ḥadīth, have, in their attempts for understanding Divine Revelation, created an unparalleled culture, which the writer mentions as “the multi-meaning culture and tolerance” versus “single-meaning and non-tolerant culture of modernity”. According to the writer, the Muslims influenced by the technical and military dominance have entrapped in modernity instead of referring to the fountainheads of their own rich culture for confronting this invasion and decided to present a version of Islam by following its standards that conforms to modernity. Therefore, despite the view of the writer of the book, many of today’s viewpoints about Islam, even those presented by Muslims in defense of Islam, are exactly rooted in modernity.

The Islamic Revolution of Iran was shaped by the widespread activities of the clergy after years of years, and the war that began less than 20 months after the revolution was a serious threat to it, with the Ba'ath military attack, the country's territorial integrity was compromised, all the various strata In the imposed war, they participated in the defense; theMaraje Ezam, scholars, clergymen and scholars of the howzeh with their presence on the fronts, along with other classes, including farmers, tribes, workers, employees, students, students and ... proudly They performed their religious duty toward Islam and Islamic Iran. They had a great deal of enthusiasm for acting on the battlefield right against false accolades and were present in various arenas. Just as during the holy defense, the clergy, for its intrinsic duty, was at the forefront of the arena of war, today it is also for defense From the values and aspirations of the Islamic Republic's holy system, it is at the forefront of the soft warfare and it performs a task, so the presence of the ulama and the Maraje Ezam of imitation in the battle line with the warriors proved that they are always in all the scenes and moments alongside the various strata of the people. And they will take it. The main purpose of this research is to explain the role of the Maraje Ezam and howzeh in the sacred defense and to use it in the possible future war with an emphasis on soft war. Its main question is that what the role of the Maraje Ezam and the constituencies in the sacred defense played and How to use it in the possible future war, especially the soft war of the enemy. This research, which is a applied-development type, has been carried out using a combination of specialized libraries, questionnaires and interviews with experts. Accordingly, in the context of the future war, it can be said that since that war has a lot of complexity, it benefits from highly advanced technology in all aspects of national power and most importantly in an asymmetric environment, relying on key competencies and superior superiority of the organization. The Islamic Revolution is imperative. Cordiality, faith, spirituality, insight, unconventional culture of Ashura and Mahdavi are among the most important factors that put Islamic warriors at a higher level against the enemy that relied on military technologies. In other words, the difference in power A dramatic military, with spirituality and martyrdom, is compensated. In the future, the ambiguous scene, the probability of a massive wave of destruction and destruction, surprise, and the speed of extraordinary action that leads to shock and shock, and as a result of hesitation, slackness, disappointment with the continuation of the struggle and fear of failure on the weaker front, is natural. Due to the fact that the Islamic Republic is on the front of God, it does not have a meaning to defeat, besides, the defense in Islam is divine. Therefore, despair, leanness and failure in his place in the hope of divine help and death are replaced by testimony, fauz Eternal, helplessness, and weakness, will give way to the power of continuity with the Almighty. That is why we believe that spirituality and reliance on God are the satisfaction of all the mental and intellectual ghosts and the power of decision-making and sustainability of the Islamic Front.