Educational sport is one of the best tools to fashion motivational forces with respect to sports, which leads to desirable results in sports activities. Today, the path to success in elite and professional sports passes through the attention to educational sports.

Due to the importance of educational sports, this study aimed to study the challenges of educational sports in the country by reviewing previous studies.

Purposefully and based on the main objective of the research, we investigated papers in the field of educational sports and the findings on problems and limitations in the field along with highlighting keywords comprising educational sports, physical sports, school sports, educational sports challenges, limitations, and weaknesses of educational sports, health and physical education in schools from 2011 to 2020 in the country. In this study, related articles were searched by keywords and in specialized databases of Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed, SID, Magiran, Irandoc. The inclusion criteria for the selected articles were as follows: they need to be in Persian or Iranian articles, be published in prestigious domestic and foreign scientific research journals, and be in the field of educational sports and the examination of harms and weaknesses of it in the country. The results of the searches based on inclusion criteria eventually led to the identification of 26 articles field; by reviewing the articles that were outside the main purpose of this study, they were excluded from the analysis, and finally, 15 completely related and consistent articles were selected. These articles have been in the field of educational sports and their harms and limitations have been reviewed.

The findings showed that the weakness and problems involved in the country's educational sports can be of 7 dimensions: lack of sports facilities and equipment, educational weakness, managerial weakness, human resources weakness, lack of financial resources, contextual and individual factors.

In developed countries such as China, Japan, the United States, etc. the main basis for the development of sports in the country, as well as the development of elite and professional sports, is physical and educational sports which will necessitate us to get them started from the beginning in schools and universities. Therefore, there should be a fundamental revision of the country's management programs in the field of educational sports in schools and universities.

The purpose of this study was to identify the opportunities and internal and external challenges of the student exercises of in Khorasan Razavi province. The research method was combined sequential exploratory that frst, qualitative method, then quantitative method, were used. In the qualitative stage, 36 teachers and education experts, physical education teachers and sport management professors of Khorasan Razavi province were interviewed and after studying books and articles related to the topic, identification of the variables related to the research was done. In total, eight variables related to opportunities, 35 variables related to internal challenges and 17 variables related to the external challenges of Khorasan Razavi province were identified. In quantitative stage, a specially designed AHP researcher-made questionnaire was designed, validated by four sport management professors and its reliability (according to the incompatibility rate of the questionnaire, which should be less than 0.1) was approved. For evaluating, 85 officials and experts, educators were used. The sampling method was qualitatively and quantitatively targeted and available. The existence of educational and health services in education with a relative weight of 0.241 from the viewpoint of educational managers and 0.239 from the viewpoint of the experts of educational institutions is the most important in the field of sport opportunities for students in Khorasan Razavi province, as well as inadequate funding for sport and transfer of these credits to other schools costs with a relative weight of 0.244 from the viewpoint of educational managers and 2.399 from the viewpoint of the experts is in the first place in the internal and external challenges section of the students sport in Khorasan Razavi province. On the other hand, there are some abnormalities among students due to the lack of sport activities with a relative weight of 0.232 from the viewpoint of educational managers and 0.242 from the viewpoint of the experts is of the highwst importance in the internal and external challenges section of the students sport in Khorasan Razavi province. Attention to the exercise of students by the officials, managers, experts and trainers of physical education will lead to potential talent in this sector, and subsequently the national championship sport will be developed.

The study is to identify the challenges to physical education and sports development in Yazd province. Therefore, sport in the province was divided into four categories: sport for all, professional and vocational, women’s and educational sports. The research samples were 70 executives of Sports and Youth Offices and Education Organizations and their informant colleagues throughout Yazd Province. To collect the data, at first 53 Unstructured (In-depth) Interviews and then Structured Interviews were done. A face-to-face questionnaire was used to have more precise information. So, the method of the study was a qualitative one. Content analysis and comparison of both parts of interviews were used to interpret findings.The findings indicated that financial, socio-cultural, human resources, patronage, sport for special groups, talent identification, and inequity in sports and planning are the most important challenges in order to develop the sport and physical education in Yazd province. In addition, a number of suggestions are proposed to handle the mentioned challenges.

The purpose of this study was Study Challenges Structure of Sport in Iran. The research method was analytical descriptive and in terms of the purpose, it is an applied study. Methods of data collection include library research, Delphi method and finally a researcher made questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was determined by professors and specialists in the field. Reliability by Cronbach's alpha Measured, The statistical population of the study consisted of managers of the Ministry of Youth and Sports, and the executive directors of National Olympic Committee and Academy Directors, heads of federations and faculty members. In this study, the sample was determined as equivalent to the research population and by counting all. Out of 302 questionnaires sent to members of the research population, 238 questionnaires were filled (79 percent). For data analysis, descriptive statistics and inferential tests including the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, comparison of the mean of the population (one sample t-test) and Friedman's analysis of variance were applied. The results showed inner and environmental challenges each part of Structure sports (educational sports, sports for all, championship sports and professional championship).

The prevalence of Covid-19 has played an important role in constructing of physical and social sports spaces and the nature of participation in sports has changed. This study was intended to analyze active levels of sport participation in Iran during the outbreak of Coronavirus. This was a qualitative study. Data were collected using interview and observation methods and analyzed by thematic analysis. “Regular participation”, “irregular participation” and “elite level participation” were extracted as three main themes from the classification of meaningful patterns of actors. Their main categories are " exercise simulation at home", " pretend consumption of exercise" and "social responsibility", respectively. Important data were also obtained from analysis the active levels of participation in sports (educational sports, recreational sport and sport for all, championship sports and professional sports). The main theme at the level of educational sport was "uncertainty”; sub themes include: “content distribution" "geographical gistribution ", “inherently passive “and “Marginal position “. At the level of recreational sport and sport for all the main theme was " evolution " with sub themes: "exercise in isolation", "eliminate of sports entertainment", "background limitations on participation" and "Change in access to education and training. Also at the level of championship and professional sports were “functional challenge" with sub themes: "show and self-expression”, “identity challenge", "advertising and sales”. The effects of this period on participatory levels in sports require in-depth analysis over a longer period of time. Although elimination of physical exercise spaces has led to a lot of sedentary in the short range, but it has provided opportunities for communication between levels of participation for review by sports researchers, which can contribute to more sustainable participation at the grassroots level.

The present study was designed and conducted to develop a model of challenges to the development of sports media in the country. In terms of applied purpose, the present study was a descriptive-survey in terms of data collection method, which was mixed based on the research approach. The statistical population of the present study in the qualitative section includes professors who have done research in the field of sports media (books, translations, research projects, conference and research articles, and at least two cases) as well as sports media managers in Sports network, and sports radio, sports magazines and newspapers. Purposeful sampling method was used to select the interviewees. This sampling continued until the theoretical saturation was reached and finally 19 people were identified as the sample. Also, the statistical population in the quantitative part of the research includes all journalists, photographers, writers, editors and producers of sports media (newspapers, magazines, television, radio, news networks) in Tehran province (289 people). The tools of the present study included semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire (30 items and 5 components in Likert type). Open, axial and selective coding was used to examine the data of the qualitative section and structural equation modeling was used in the quantitative section. The results of the present study showed that therefore it can be said that the challenges of human resources, education, equipment, media consumption and content are among the challenges of the country's sports media (t value greater than 1.96). Given the prominent role of various sports media on the development of sports (public, educational, championship and professional), solving its challenges should be one of the main goals of sports media development programs, which is recommended by the media. Different

The present study aims to identify startup opportunities in the sports industry by developing a conceptual framework for the sports ecosystem in Iran. Despite increased interest by researchers in sports startup opportunities, few studies have examined these opportunities based on the sports ecosystem framework. The research approach was qualitative, with participants consisting of professors, experts in sports sciences, and entrepreneurs active in sports startups. Data was collected using review articles and Delphi techniques. The findings indicated that stakeholders, infrastructure, and processes such as support processes, policies, planning, and institutional factors, including the development of the public, championships, and professional and educational sports, could effectively achieve developmental goals. Hence, the challenges of each of these sectors can provide opportunities for developing sports startups. Therefore, recognizing sports startup opportunities can pave the way for investing and creating entrepreneurial potential in sports and make the sports economy more dynamic.

The purpose of this research is the political- legal pathology of the laws related to sports and physical education in the national consultative assembly in the second Pahlavi era based on the theories of the State of Law and good legislation In the modern world, community-based sports, elite-based sports, the development of sports as an industry, and the development of sports as a means of public education are four approaches in the Mulll et al. this model at four levels: educational, public and recreational, championship and professional Are classified. Therefore, this research with a critical qualitative approach examine the principle of Legislative formalities from the principles of good legislation, while analyzing the trend and orientation of legislative policies from the second Pahlavi era with emphasis on the main components of sports development in the modern world. The results showed that all sports laws adopted in the second Pahlavi era are bill-oriented, which, despite compliance with the Good Legislation (Legislative formalities (, is probably due to the challenge of separation of powers and indicates the absolute rule of the second Pahlavi in Legislative system. In addition, most of the legislative policies on the subject of sports are about the development of educational, public and recreational and championship sports, and little attention is paid to the development professional sports. This imbalance in the legislative policies of the sport has led to the backwardness of the Iranian sports industry.

Islam has paid attention to the strengthening of the body, training and comprehensive preparation for it because it is the means of perfection of the human soul. The present article has been done using the analysis of the content of the narrations, extracted from the books of Shiite and Sunni narrations. Due to the fact that the Islamic society needs to study and adapt social activities, especially the category of games and sports, which in a sense is a tool of human education with religious resources. Based on the studies and identifying the categories of sports and games, it is observed that the encouragement of sports and games in the narrations and participation in it has been highly emphasized in Islam from an educational and public point of view, which shows the comprehensive view and responsibility of Islam to both, the physical and mental aspect, and it can be considered as the most important factor of health and physical activity that should be placed firmly in the basket of families. But from the professional point of view, it faces challenges related to games and sports that require the consensus of sports experts, religious and the government authorities in the country with setting the comprehensive, integrated, up-to-date laws and clear indicators and criteria to address issues in this area.

This study was to investigate the strategies and the consequences of the relation management between physical education and sport Science College and executive part of sport industry. So, deep interviews conducted to elites with work field of around research topic. Sampling was based on subjective and snowball approach and 18 people were interviewed. Interviews analyzed through qualitative coding (open, axial and selective). Findings exposed 8 labels in open coding which covered the internal and external challenges of relation management of two sides and these concepts were knowledge and awareness, external view, human source, madding organizational culture, parties’ thoughts, unit responsible for/integrated management, laws and regulations and marketing Eventually, the consequences categorized in line of strategies and were at scope of the cultural development, general development, educational development, scientific development, under development, international development, social development, economic development, technological development and political development that consistent of strategies. The research findings could help the sport managers to know scientific collaboration management and the consequences of this in those sport institutions.