Undoubtedly, consumption is an important factor in the economy and household welfare, and increasing items of household consumption expenditures will lead to an increase in total consumption and household welfare. Insurance is one of the household consumption items, nowadays; it is inevitable not to have an insurance policy in the household. Insurers are trying to increase the influence of insurance on households, in other words, they are looking to increase sales of their products among households. The estimates of this article using the data of household expenditure income of the Statistics Center of Iran in 2009-2010 show that demographic features are effective in the household expenditure pattern. As the variable of residence, the number of people with household literacy, age, gender and employment conditions of the head of the household play a role in consumption. The estimates of this article using the data of household expenditure income of the Statistics Center of Iran in 2009-2010 show that demographic features are effective in the household expenditure pattern. As the variable of residence, the number of people with household literacy, age, gender and employment conditions of the head of the household play a role in consumption.

Institution of the family, its functions and welfare in Islam have a special place. The share of food costs in the total household expenditure is one of the indicators of welfare and increasing the household dimension as one of its functions is affects this index. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the share of urban and rural households' food cost with emphasis Islam's approach to the household dimension using the least weighted least squares method  and income and expenditure data of 9578 households in Isfahan province during the period (2006-2014). The results show that with the increase of the total household cost and the change of housing of households from rural to urban, the share of food costs decreases. Also, with the increase of the household dimension and the increase of the age of the head of the household, the share of food costs in the total cost of households has increased and has led to a decrease in household welfare. Accordingly, the government should apply different support policies to increase the level of welfare of households according to the size of the household, the age of the heads of households and their place of residence.

Institution of the family, its functions and welfare in Islam have a special place. The share of food costs in the total household expenditure is one of the indicators of welfare and increasing the household dimension as one of its functions is affects this index. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the share of urban and rural households' food cost with emphasis Islam's approach to the household dimension using the least weighted least squares method  and income and expenditure data of 9578 households in Isfahan province during the period (2006-2014). The results show that with the increase of the total household cost and the change of housing of households from rural to urban, the share of food costs decreases. Also, with the increase of the household dimension and the increase of the age of the head of the household, the share of food costs in the total cost of households has increased and has led to a decrease in household welfare. Accordingly, the government should apply different support policies to increase the level of welfare of households according to the size of the household, the age of the heads of households and their place of residence.

Population censuses, as rich resources to find knowledge of demographic characteristics, are used to survey main characteristics of households in Iran that have wide application in planning, socio-economic and cultural policymaking. One of the most difficulties in demographical studies is the composition of households and analyzing the trend of changes during time. In this paper, the trend analyses of household composition during 1996-2006 are studied. Since knowing about what reasons made these changes can lead to make a correct planning, by using some characteristics of the head of households, these changes are discussed. It’s a descriptive study based on censuses information of two years in 1996 and 2006. This study is about household composition regarding the relationship between the members of the household and the head of household in 2006 and comparison of household composition changes in 1996-2006 periods in Iran. Investigation of the portion of the different kinds of household change and investigation of the head of household characteristics such as age, economic activity status, marital status and literacy status in different household types are the other objectives that are discussed. The structural manner of household composition in different provinces in 2006 and the situation of welfare facilities in different households are also studied. By a statistical log linear model, the association between types of household and some household welfare facilities are discussed. The most important finding is the change of household composition between years 1996 and 2006, difference between some characteristics of the head of the household in different types of household and also the difference between the structures of household composition in provinces in 2006. Also some association between types of household and some household welfare facilities such as car, computer and housing are found, by using a statistical log linear model. Although the greatest part of household composition in our country is married couple family with child(ren), the external circumstances show that the proportion of these households who have the traditional pattern of household composition, is decreasing from two aspects. On one part, the proportion of single parent households has an increasing trend and from the other part, the proportion of one-person household, individuals who live alone, is increasing. The mentioned changes that reflect increasing rate of divorce and life expectancies follow several bad results and it is necessary that authorities consider a cure (such as demonstrating special facilities, building psychosomatics consulting centers etc.) for the social, cultural and economic requirement of this growing population that live in one-person households or single parent households.

One of the most important issues in public sector economics is the formulation of compensatory policies and pricing of energy carriers.The purpose of this study is to estimate the income and price elasticities of energy carriers for urban households in Iran. Therefore, the demand system of energy carriers including "gasoline", "household electricity" and "household gas" for urban households has been estimated by the pooled data of "household-year" with 77758 households during the period 2016-2019. This estimate is made in two cases: all urban households and households that have consumed gasoline.One of the distinguishing features of this study compared to previous studies is the use of monthly price index data with cross-sectional household budget data. The results show that "gasoline", "household electricity" and "household gas" are essential. Also, gasoline and household electricity are inelastic and household gas is estimated to be elastic.

This study examined the effects of climate change on food expenditure in rural household of Iran. Food expenditure is investigated as a function of average income of rural households, retail food price index and food expenditure for rural households, agricultural sown area and climate change. Here, the Stata11 software is used and data are from 26 provinces of the country for 10 years. Precipitation, temperature and relative humidity are considered as indicators for climate variables. The results indicated a positive and significant effect of average income of rural households, retail food prices, food expenditure of rural households with a lag and precipitation on the food expenditure of rural households. Agricultural sown area and relative humidity had no effect on the food expenditure of rural households and temperature had a significant and negative effect on the food expenditure of rural households. In the end, due to the impact that each of these variables explicitly have on food expenditure of rural households and implicitly on food security of rural households, suggestions for maintaining and improving food security of rural households is presented.

The net income and cost of rural households is one of the main factors affecting sustainable rural development. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the distribution of rural and household income and expenditure and its spatial distribution distribution among the cities of West Azarbayejan province during 2016-2017. Regarding the aim of the study, the statistical population of the present study is rural households in West Azarbaijan province (3669 villages and 304853 households). 142 villages (403 households) using Cochran formula and stratified random cluster sampling were selected as sample. Information was obtained using a standard questionnaire (household income cost questionnaire of the National Center for Statistics of Iran). The overall results indicated that the average total income of rural households in West Azarbaijan was 16654920 tomans per year and the average total cost per household per month was 1989071 tomans. Also, the results showed that rural households in Naghadeh and Takab cities have the highest and lowest annual income levels, respectively. The rural households of Shohr, Poldasht and Moko cities have the lowest cost per month and the city of Piranshahr has the highest household cost per month.

Since ensuring health and food security is one of the strategic objectives of the 20-year Prospect Document of Iran, this study aimed at investigating the factors affecting food security of households in Tehran province as the most populous province with about seventeen percent of the total population of the country in 2018. For this purpose, using cost-income information of households in Tehran province, first, food secure and insecure households were identified and then, using the logit model, quantitative and qualitative variables affecting household food security were examined. The results showed that the variables including the age of household head, subsidy received by household, household income, food diversity, housing status, number of rooms of the house and useful area of the house had significantly positive effects on food security and the variables of household size and working hours of household head had significantly negative effects on food security; in addition, while the variable of education did not have a significant effect on household food security, the female-headed households had lower food security.

Measuring changes in economic welfare have been known as one of the practical economic issues. So that, this study aimed to calculate the welfare changes resulting from the change in the price of rice in Mazandaran province and is the first study that done using the food groups’ details and household’s data for estimates demand functionin the country. For this purpose, welfare microeconomic theory and compensating variation (CV) criteria and household income and expenditure data of Mazandaran province in 2014 wereused.
Compensating variation represents the net income that the household must be given to restore themto the utility level they were at before the price change. It is negative after a price increasebecause it is expressed as a central authority expenditure to restore the household to thepre-price change utility level. Estimation of compensating variation needtheestimation of households demand system. In this paper, the parameters of the demand system are estimated by applying nonlinear regression to the system of eight share equations. Parameter estimates provided a clearer understanding of household food consumption behavior in 2014, summarized through income and price elasticity. Parameterestimates provide a theoretically consistent model of household food demand that can be usedto evaluate the welfare implications of food price increases.
Estimates of income elasticity of demand for urban and rural households are presented in Table 4. The income elasticity revealsthat none of the goods are inferior, while the rice and meat are a luxury for urban households. Other groups such as cereals, dairy, oils and fats, fruits and vegetables, other foods and beverages are also essential commodities for urban households. Rice, meat and fruit and vegetable are the luxury goods for rural households, too. The income elasticity of fruits and vegetables, and other foods are close toone for urban households, demonstrating that welfare analysis of price changes need to account for shifts in demandcaused by the income effect of the changes. The elasticityindicate that the income effectcould be large for these commodity groups. Further evidence about these effects will be provided by the compensatedprice elasticity.Compensated own price elasticity, which measure pure substitution effects, are reportedinTable 5 for urban households and Table 6 for rural households. The elasticity of demand for a beverage is large for all householdsand the elasticity of demand forrice is small for all households. These results indicate that households reduce beverage consumption significantly more than rice consumption in response to price increases. Next, consider a 25, 50 and 198 percent increase in the rice price. This price change causes an increase in household expenditure for both urban and rural households by compensating variation. Increasing in households expenditure for rural households has been greater than urban households. According to the results, urban households have seen 0.38 percent increase in their expenditure by 25 percent increase in rice price. 50 and 198 percent Rice price increasing, increase 1.13 and 19.98 percent of urban expenditure accordingly. Rural expenditure increased 1.31, 3.63 and 52.57 percent by increasing 25, 50 and 198 percent in rice price accordingly. Moreover, the comparison between reductions in household welfare in different income groups has shown that household welfare has declined less when levels of income increased.
This study aimed to calculate the welfare changes resulting from the change in the price of rice in Mazandaran province. For this purpose, welfare microeconomic theory and compensating variation (CV) criteria and household income and expenditure data of Mazandaran province in 2014 wereused. Based on the results, with rising rice prices, household welfare of Mazandaran province has fallen. The welfare of rural households has fallen more than the welfare of urban households. The comparison between reductions in household welfare in different income groups has shown that household welfare has declined less when levels of income increased. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the household welfare of provinces when the rice price rises and support policies must be adopted.

Household Consumer Price Index (CPI) will be determined in most countries without considering the differences in income (cost), in expenditure patterns and finally in goods prices for each household. The approach causes some kind of gap between the official inflation rate and the actual rate, is experienced by each household. That causes the CPI and official inflation rate, publish by the Government, and based on that economic policies and decisions are taken, would be representative of inflation rate faced by affluent household. In such a situation, the poor household may face inflation rate higher than official inflation rate, which is ignored in decision-makings. The paper is seeking to examine the inflationary discrepancy resulting from the differences of social and economic variables in the household consumer basket pattern and the analysis of the effects ignoring of this discrepancy on the outcome of Government Protectionism for households. The paper takes advantages of Variance Analysis of the inflationary rates that each household has experienced in urban areas between 1995 and 2003 (about 12000 household each year), and the effects of various social and economic factors on the inflationary discrepancy of these households will be examined, Studying the effect of each factor via hypothetical test has been done as the following, in which the treatment effect of each factor has been done in the form of analysis of Variance variation resulting from that factor and error factor. i= The Number of treatmentFor the CPT data we have utilize the Statistical Center of Iran Consumer services and Goods Prices Indexes information. The Statistical Center of Iran CPI data is available only for 2003-005 (1384-82). In order to examine the weights used in calculation of CPL we have taken advantage of foods and non-foods costs statistics of Urban Household Expenditure and Income survey, during the same period.Findings & The paper reveals that the social and economic factors including income Deciles, household size, household’s head occupational status and job and. .. are effective on the developing of the inflationary discrepancy; and in order to analyze the actual consequences of the government social and economic policies on the household welfare, taking note of this discrepancy is very crucial. Examining the inflation rate among the income Deciles makes known that in this period the prices has been grown in such a way that poor households have lost more than affluent. households have, Inflation rate analysis based on household size showed that in some years there are meaningful differences in the inflation rate of households with different sizes. Similar results have been reached regarding inflation rate for household by number of its employed members, by the main occupational groups or household’s head occupational status, For example the study of inflation rate among the household by the main occupational groups shows that the households whose heads are among the group of manager or high ranking officers face lower inflation rates compare to other households.