Achievement motivation or need for achievement as a major need in organizational behavior, due to the effects on growth and national development of the country, have always been studied by researchers since 1950. The main goal of this study is the extraction of religious teachings affecting achievement motivation. So certain factors like the Islamic worldview, beliefs, values, educational factors and religious commands, were identified. Faith in these Islamic teachings and practice of them leads to the emergence and strength of achievement motivation. Thus these religious factors enhance the" achievement motivation indexes" (such as internal control center, hope to success, work and effort,...) and therefore will increase individual achievement motivation.

Today women are actively involved in various areas of economic and social activities and play an important role in creating businesses. Recognizing talents, individual abilities and their creative characteristics can be very effective in exploiting and guiding the capacities of this large part of society. The purpose of this study is to identify and prioritize personality traits of women entrepreneurs. Therefore this study is a fundamental research with applied results in terms of purpose and it has been conducted with a mixed research framework. The target population includes all women entrepreneurs in Khuzestan province, which is the non-random sampling voluntary, 40 of them were selected for semi-structured interviews and identification of entrepreneurial personality traits. The results of the content analysis of the interviews showed 13 entrepreneurial personality traits. The results of Friedman test for ranking these characteristics showed that women entrepreneurs have the highest degree of importance in the characteristics kinship, responsibility, practicalism and having an internal control center; and the characteristic of risk-taking is the least important.

Today's organizations are faced with constant changes. These changes have affected organizations and require today's leaders to be strategically reactive and proactive to ensure that their organizations thrive in the modern era. Chameleon leaders possess the qualities that give organizations the knowledge and style to compete on a global scale. The current research was conducted with the aim of identifying and analyzing the effective factors and consequences of chameleon leadership.

In terms of purpose, this research is applied, and in terms of data collection method, it is a survey and exploratory type, which was conducted in a mixed manner. The statistical population of the research is the experts in the field of human resources of Sananndaj government organizations. Sample members were selected using the purposeful sampling method, and based on the principle of theoretical saturation. The data collection tool is in the qualitative part of the interview and in the quantitative part of the questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the tools were analyzed using content validity and intra-coder inter-coder reliability for the interview, and content validity and retest reliability for the questionnaire, respectively. In this research, for data analysis in the qualitative part, the method of content analysis and coding and fuzzy Delphi was used in the quantitative part, using the fuzzy Dematel method.

In this research, based on the analysis of the data obtained from the interview, a set of factors were identified as chameleon leadership suffixes. These include unpredictable situations, the spread of the organization's self-interested atmosphere, the existence of competitive spirit, political work in the organization and organizational deviations, opportunism, shrewd personality, internal control center, behavioral care, responsiveness as antecedents, as well as components of networking and development of communication channels, flexibility and adaptability to changes, adjustment of leadership attitudes and behaviors with the environment, acquisition of social identity, critical thinking, job security, formation of political behaviors, adaptive communication styles, and organizational agility. Among the identified factors, unpredictable situations and internal control center were identified as the most important factors of chameleon leadership, respectively.

The most important factors affecting chameleon leadership are unpredictable situations and the internal control center in the organization.

This study aims to identify psychological and sociological characteristics associated with the entrepreneurial spirit in students. Research method of this study was survey research. The data collection tools was a researcher-made questionnaire plus two standard tests. Total population was 262 graduate students of Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resources University and 170 persons of them were selected randomly by Krejcie and Morgan Table. Based on the results the entrepreneurial spirit in our study was relatively poor and the majority of student's had quite desirable characteristics of creativity, Internal control center, need for achievement, dedication and determination but undesirable risk taking Propensity and independence features. In the level of Ninety-five percent, there is a significant statistical difference between entrepreneurial spirit in terms of educational and employment history. also in the level of Ninety-five percent and Ninety-nine percent, there is a significant difference in terms of faculty and academic disciplines, is in the creativity feature, Thus agricultural and rural engineering college student and Mechanization Department, compared to other faculties and disciplines have been more creative. In the level of Ninety-five percent, there is a positive correlation between entrepreneurial spirit and need for achievement with educational level and in the level of Ninety-nine percent there is a negative correlation between dedication and determination with birth order. In the level of Ninety-five percent there is a positive correlation between creativity with Education level of mother

The aim of this study is to evaluate the entrepreneurial characteristics of students within the context of e-learning to design an entrepreneurial profile and also to provide programs to strengthen it. The current research, in terms of objective, is applied and also a descriptive investigation. The statistical population of this study is composed of all students from the Mehralborz Institute of Higher Education as the first electronic institution in Iran which delivered all educational services electronically who have been selected to estimate the sample size by using the Cochran formula, 221 of them in different fields of study (master's level). The standard Kordnaij et al.‘s questionnaire on the personality characteristics of Iranian entrepreneurs was used to collect data and the sample was analyzed using SPSS software and a t-sample test. Findings show that students in the characteristics of risk-taking with (64) percent, internal control center with (82) percent, need for success with (73) percent, pragmatism with (73) percent, challenge-solving with (64) percent and overall entrepreneurial personality (64) % are above average (positive) but were rated below average in mental health, ambiguity tolerance, and dreaming characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to empower the entrepreneurial ability of faculty members and students through support programs such as study opportunities and internships in the industry and holding workshops to strengthen the intellectual capacity, tolerate ambiguity and students' dreaming on the one hand, and create communication networks between the university and industry, on the other hand, should be on the agenda.

Independence in auditing is one of the most basic characteristics that an auditor should have in order to adhere to the requirements and standards related to maintaining ethics and performance to improve the quality of auditing, to have inertial capabilities to resist the influence of owners. Inertial behavior triggers independence in the auditor, which leads to an increase in endurance capacity and intolerance of the client. The Purpose of this research is Auditor's Inertial Behavior against Client Influence by An Analysis Based on the Comprehensiveness of Individual Characteristics. The methodology of this research was mixed and used in the qualitative part of the grounded theory analysis based on Glaser's approach to formulate the model and in the quantitative part of the fuzzy structural interpretive analysis. Because in the qualitative part, a theoretical framework was first presented and in the quantitative part, the research sought to determine the most effective component of the auditor's inertial behavior against the influence of the client. The target population in the quality department was 12 academic specialists who were considered experts, both scientifically and empirically. The selection process was a theoretical sampling method based on the snowball technique. But the target population in a small number of 19 auditors with work experience and level of technical and specialized knowledge were selected through homogeneous sampling. This number of participants was approved because of the nature of the fuzzy interpretive matrix analysis, which emphasizes the limited number of participants in the research. The results of the research in the qualitative part indicate the existence of 3 categories, 8 components and 35 concept codes that have laid the dimensions of the auditor's inertial behavior against the client's influence in the form of an integrated 8-dimensional model. The results also indicate in a small part of the prioritization of the components of the auditor's inertial behavior in three levels of the matrix model that the third level was the most effective component and the first level was the least effective component related to each of the research categories. Therefore, it was found that focusing on the internal control center is the most effective behavioral measure in the auditor's inertia against the client's influence.

Whistle blowing is an action that informs the society about organizational violations and organizations about personal deviant behaviors. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to identify and rank the consequences of whistleblowing in order to facilitate and promote it in the organization. This research is applied in terms of purpose and quantitative in terms of the nature of the data. The research population included 4920 documents, 52 of which were meta-analyzed using a non-random purposeful sampling method. Selected studies were analyzed using CMA2 software. Reliability of coding was achieved through the agreement of the judges in the application of specific concepts for coding the variables and the reliability of the significance level and effect size was achieved through the agreement in the calculation of the effect size between two meta-analysts. The findings showed that among the consequences of whistleblowing, 10 cases (21%) have an effect size greater than 0.5, 16 cases (33%) have an effect size between 0.3 and 0.5, and 22 cases (46 percent) have an effect size of less than 0.3. Therefore, the variables of organizational justice (0.683), trust in supervisor (0.656), executive guarantee for punishing unethical behavior (0.590) , internal control center (0.581) and organizational leadership (0.557) with high effect size, revealing work history (0.460), offender status (0.450), moral intensity (0.446) and seriousness Violation (0.384) has a medium effect size, fear of retaliation (-0.060), positive affect (0.062), loyalty (-0.130), job satisfaction (0.130) also have the lowest effect size. . Therefore, policy makers and managers should focus on identified factors to promote whistleblowing in the organization.

Researchers believe that paying attention to psychological capital is one of the effective factors in entrepreneurial intention. Therefore, paying attention to the personality of entrepreneurs is an important issue for researchers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of personality traits of Technical and Vocational University students on the entrepreneurial intention with the moderating role of gender. In the present research, structural equation modeling was used and applied from the perspective of purpose. The statistical population of the study comprised of all students of Alborz Technical and Vocational University. Data was collected by the descriptive-correlation method. The statistical sample size was obtained using Cochran's formula and included 432 students enrolled in random sampling. The data collection tool was a standard questionnaire related to the research topic. The collected data was analyzed with SPSS26 and SmartPLS3 softwares. Findings showed that all the independent variables studied, including risk-taking, pragmatism, need for success, and the center of internal control, have a significant effect on the dependent variable or entrepreneurial intention. Students' gender also moderated the relationship between effective personality traits and entrepreneurship.

Entrepreneurship is the process of creating new value through a committed effort, taking into account the risks involved. The current research was conducted to model the factors affecting students’ willingness to start a business. The statistical population included the students of the Faculties of Economics and Entrepreneurship (625 people) and the students of the Faculty of Technical Engineering (2156 people) at Razi University. The sample size was estimated at 386 people by Cochran’s formula, who were selected by stratified sampling method with proportional assignment. Data were collected by standard questionnaires and were analyzed by descriptive statistics and path analysis. The findings indicated that the variables of innovation, locus of control, success-seeking, pioneering, and risk-taking directly and the variables of family background, employment history, and participation in entrepreneurship workshops indirectly accounted for a total of 33% of the variance in the students’ desire to start a business. It can be said that a major challenge for students is their effort to gain independence and ensure their job security in the future. So, it is recommended that the officials consider this important factor by developing skills such as innovation and other job skills and provide employment opportunities for young people.

Extended Abstract Introduction Developing countries as well as our country are grappling with problems of concern that, without exaggeration, economic problems, lack of income and unemployment are the most important of these cases. Of many people, the root of the ravages of the country returns to major failures in the villages and the lack of proper management of environmental and human resources. Entrepreneurship is regarded as a tool for planners to guide the societies towards development. There is a growing evidence to suggest that that there is a significant causal relationship between entrepreneurship, economic growth and poverty reduction As there is not available equal situation for the public to create entrepreneurship, the necessary conditions are vital to provide. The region of study is Zand and samen township in Malayer, Hamadan whose villagers are deprived from suitable occupation and income and don’t exploit the entrepreneurship in spite of graduated workforce and natural resources available. Even lack of villager entrepreneurship was a serious limitation to precede the research. Therefore, enrichment and empowering the people to enter this field is the duty to be paid attention to, in this research The question is, whether human or environmental conditions and circumstances change so that the strengthen motivations be entrepreneurial in the way they choose to be an entrepreneur? Methodology Data was collected through filling questionnaires, field study and library resources. Rural entrepreneurs are studied in this research, that, at least three year's experience in successful business must be current. Necessary conditions for creating entrepreneurial capability are divided into two groups, individual and environmental, which 14 variables. The population concerned in this research is rural entrepreneurs with at least three successful activities in their present business while their profession is based on innovation and continuity. The questionnaires were distributed among 53 entrepreneurs of the region and the research as the control group to compare the results. The questionnaire questions were raised in closed form. Its validity was confirmed by experts and university professors. SPSS software was used to analyze data. The method used in two groups was factor analysis through analyzing main components. Factors that have most influenced by what and how much each is affected? By identifying these factors and propose them to the rural planning authorities, can be used for the comprehensive development of villages. Results and Discussion Type variables in the conceptual model of research, is described. Total of 14 factors that are considered in this study, have a direct impact on rural empowerment. Some of these factors referring to individual characteristics and a number of other factors are located in space, thus affect on individual entrepreneur, decisions and his behavior. These factors are generally one of three bases of model and two other pillars include people with entrepreneurial ability and the benefits of entrepreneurial activity is created in society, is the third pillar. The desired space in the first pillar is more favorable and more and more associated with the entrepreneur is the individual features will be higher. Thus, the factors are told, are very important. During the review and processing of data, some of the factors that have less impact on their capacity for entrepreneurship were excluded, so factors had remained the largest eigenvalue. Conclusion There were recognized 10 influential factors on the increase of villagers` empowerment to develop entrepreneurship ordered as perseverance: Organization factor, financial and economic factor, education and role pattern, individual independence, previous experience, creativity, sense of successful and internal control center. It is concluded that individual and environmental factors help to enhance the villagers` empowerment to create business. The influencing factors from the view point of control group are organization factor, financial and economic resources, knowledge and skill, family, self-esteem, social participation and underlying structure. Based on the findings of this research, corporate sectors, institutional, trade and legislation for the importance of empowerment of rural entrepreneurs, should be corrected as soon as possible and learn to use proper procedures.