The aim of this study was to investigate factors influencing women’s participation in social, economic, and political activities in rural areas of Likak city. Target population of this study consisted of active rural women of 15 to 64 years old in Likak city which based on krejcie and morgan table, 300 women were determined as sample and using a random sampling method were selected. questionnaire was the data collection instrument which its face validity was confirmed by a group of experts and its reliability was obtained also by conducting a pilot study and calculating Cronbach alpha coefficients (0.73-0.94). Results of the study reflects the high mean of women’s participation in social, economic and political activities in rural society. Moreover results revealed, there is negative correlation between economic participation, political participation and social participation and a number of key variables such as gender stereotype, farmer identity and housewife identity. The results of structural equation modeling analysis showed that self-efficacy and housewife identity have positive effect on participation intention. In addition, gender stereotype has negative effect on social, economic and political participation. The model explained 85% of the variance in economical participation, 77% of that in social participation, 69% in political participation. Based on the results, it is recommended to give value to the activities of housewives in society and media and to create material and moral rights for these activities. Also, holding a meeting of housewives with active and Successful women can increase women's self-efficacy.

The aim of this study was to investigate the tourism climate of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad provinces in order to make sustainable use of the natural capacities of the cities of the province in order to develop tourism and improve its position in the tourism industry. For this purpose, the comfort of the tourism climate in the cities of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer- Ahmad provinces was assessed using the TCI index in five meteorological stations of Yasuj, Sisakht, Dehdasht, Dogonbadan and Leikak. The combined analysis of ecotourism potential and tourism climate is a research innovation. The results showed that in the spring and autumn months, both in tropical cities and in cold cities of the province, suitable places can be found for tourism in terms of climate comfort.The results showed that in the months of spring and autumn, in the tropical zone cities as well as in the cooling zone cities of Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad province, it is possible to find suitable places for tourism in terms of climate. In the months of the summer season, only the coldness of the province, the cities of Sisakht and Yasouj, are favorable conditions for tourism in terms of climate, while in the winter months the tropical zone of the province is suitable for tourism. To travel to Yasouj and Sisakht cities, the best time is the months of June, May and September with the excellent tourist climate. To travel to Dogonbadan, Dehdasht and Likak cities, the best time is the months of April, November and March with the excellent and very good tourist climate. To travel to Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad province, the best time is the months of October, November and May with the very good tourist climate.

The Recognition of behaviors of the atmospheric circulation patterns and effective climatic elements in occurrence of flood is very important، especially because abnormal climate changes such as global warming in recent years tend to change in atmospheric circulation patterns and outbreak climatic inelegances in many areas in the world. Intensive and torrential precipitations in anomalous time and space is very important for a country like Iran with specific climatic characteristics and is always among the factors which in different geographical regions has some irrecoverable effects on humans life and finance and has affected human beings and nature widely. The south-west region of Iran that has been located in the windward slops of Zagros mountains and in the path of westerlies and rainbearing air masses، is among the regions which due to different atmospheric circulation patterns and receives heavy precipitations and is exposed to destructive floods. That flood of 20 November 2011 which has occurred in Khuzestan and Kohkilou-e-va-buyer-Ahmad provinces is obvious among them. This flood imposed many death tolls and caused a big mass of financial damages to those regions. Coordination before occurring accidents and hazards is the key factor in crisis management. Therefore identification of flood causing patterns and their punctual prediction can facilitate better management of crises and hazards and minimize mortality and financial damages caused by these type of natural disasters. This flood in the study area created by an extreme storm in western and southwestern regions of Iran. In order to analyze the synoptic pattern of this flood، the data of sea level pressures، surface wind directions، surface temperatures، geopotential heights of 500 Hpa and specific humidity and wind directions of 850 and 700 hpa and data representing omega values from NCEP/NCAR website has been collected and then synoptic maps were drawn by using GrADS software which were related to 2 days before flood until a day after that. Then the causes of flood were revealed by synoptic analysis of the maps. Analysis of synoptic maps reveals role of some systems in creating the flood. By positioning the pressure center of Sudan low between European high pressure and Arabian subtropical high pressure has been resulted to form a convergence belt over the Sudan and the Red sea. European high pressure caused the advection of cold air from high latitudes and in other hand، Arabian subtropical high pressure caused to advection of warm and humid air from low latitudes into the Sudan low - Red sea’s convergence belt. Convergence of northern cold air and southern warm air in this belt، tend to intensify the belt. Gradually، with intensification of the system and its NE move، the convergence belt lied over SW regions of Iran. Pressure map of 500 hp shows a deep trough in North Africa. This trough intensifies temperature gradient in upper levels of the atmosphere and following of this event، the trough becomes deeper and its axis lies over the Red sea. Analysis of specific humidity and wind direction maps of 850 and 700 hpa indicated that the humidity sources for the rainfall systems were the Red sea، Arabian Sea and Persian Gulf in 850 hp level and Red sea and Persian Gulf in 700 hp level. Locating Sudan low pressure between Arabian subtropical high pressure and European high pressure tends to create an air convergence belt with SW-NE trend from Sudan to north of Arabian Peninsula. Cold Advection from European high pressure and warm advection from Arabian high pressure finally intensify temperature and pressure gradients in the convergence belt and the transformed the system into a dynamic system. In result of advection of cold air to back part of the system، its eastward movement became faster and pull the system over SW areas of Iran. Movement of cold air in back part of the system caused an extreme updraft of air and generated a severe rainfall. The Arabian subtropical high pressure provided required humidity for this rainfall from warm waters of Red sea and، Arabian Sea and Persian Gulf into the system and eventually resulted in a heavy rainfall that in a short time generated the disastrous flood with abundant damages in study area.

The purpose of the current research was to identify the components of urban sustainability in the city of Likk, of the provinces of Kohgiloyeh and Boyer Ahmad, using a descriptive-analytical method. First, 36 indicators in 4 environmental, economic, social and physical dimensions of urban sustainability were determined by using documents and opinions of 23 experts in the relevant field. In order to rank the factors, AHP and Expert Choice software were used. In the present study, the inconsistency rate of all pairwise comparisons was less than 0.1. Therefore, the consistency of the comparison matrix is ​​acceptable. The innovation of the current research was to identify the indicators of sustainability in a small city with a geographical location and specific customs and culture, and to apply quantitative and qualitative criteria simultaneously and score and prioritize them. The findings showed that economic factors, environmental, physical, and social factors were important. Among the components or sub-criteria, income status and employment percentage were considered as the most important factors affecting urban sustainability. Therefore, the indicators of sustainability and their degree of importance in small cities are affected by the economic, social, environmental and physical conditions of those societies. Unbalanced growth of urbanization with inadequate urban infrastructure and lack of sufficient job opportunities cause urban instability. The process of sustainability is a multi-dimensional flow that should be avoided while paying attention to the improvement of the economic situation and the creation of public welfare, the destruction of resources, the destruction of the environment and social anomalies.

Flood is one of the most dangerous and destructive phenomena which endangers people’s lives and properties all around the world. According to statistics of a 30-year period (1974-2003), about 2162 major floods have occurred which constitute 34% of the world's disasters (Tajbakhsh and Khodashenas, 2012). Floods are frequent and ruinous in Iran due to severe weather condition. Several factors intensify the risk of flood in urban areas including urbanization, land use changes, inappropriate drainage systems, and impermeable area development (Sabeti, 2011). Likak has faced numerous floods due to high rain density, high rate of urban development, unsafe and unproductive urban development, ignoring safety criteria in developing urban areas, road watering issues, inefficient drainage systems, and inefficacious water channels. Water channels and drainage issues have never been evaluated in this town. Applying an effective runoff management plan is the ultimate solution for the problem of flood in Likak. Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) is one of the most reliable and prevailing models for evaluating and managing the urban runoff issue. SWMM is a dynamic rainfall-runoff simulator which can be used for simulating the quantity and quality of the run-off for a single raining event or continuous long-term rains (Gironas et al, 2010). Yu et al. (2014) adapted and calibrated SWMM to Jinan, a typical piedmont city in China. Fourteen storms were used for model calibration and validation, finally verifying large-scale applicability of the model to piedmont cities. Results of this study verified that SWMM is applicable to  large-scale cities.

Lack of clarity in the framework and planning of urban equipment site selection has led to improper locating of cemeteries. In most cases it has been done according to people opinion rather than exist standards and to optional work rather than scientific work. On the other hand, the methods which are used in the responsible organization do not follow scientific logic. Studying and reviewing of cemeteries state in the comprehensive planning indicate that they have been ignored in urban plans and less attention is paid to this issue. This study purpose is providing a method for cemeteries site selection in cities. The analytical method used in this paper is combination of the Fuzzy Delphi Analytic Hierarchy Process and Geographic Information System. In the first part the necessity of cemetery site selection based on Iranian-Islamic pattern is explained. In the next part, using Fuzzy Delphi Analytic Hierarchy Process, the most important criteria related to cemetery site location consistent with the Iranian – Islamic pattern is introduced. Subsequently, using the spatial overlay functions, a method is proposed for new cemetery site selection. Findings of the research provide an approach for cemetery site selection at the macro level and suitable places are identified for construction of urban cemeteries at the micro level (study area).

Mixtures of Likak celestite concentrate (98% SrSO4) and activated carbon (99% carbon) were prepared and reduced in high pure argon atmosphere (99.99%). The products after carbothermic reduction were studied by a combination of XRD and TGA/DTA experiments. The thermogravimetric analyses and XRD results showed that the formation temperature of strontium sulfide (SrS) appeared at about 720 0C. The carbothermic reduction progressed gradually and finished at about 1100 0C. The XRD results and thermodynamic analyses revealed that the only solid product was strontium sulfide and no intermediate compound was observed during carbothermic reduction.

Fair distribution of services and infrastructure of urban development is one of the most important signs of social justice in different cities. In this study, urban development indicators and indicators related to urban services in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad cities have been studied and evaluated. The data required for the study were collected through statistical yearbooks and general population and housing censuses in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Provinces. Bu using the Preference Selection Index (PSI), inequalities between the seventeen cities of the province has been analyzed. Using the weight obtained, the normal weight matrix of the studied indicators is designed. The score of the priority selection index for the cities under study in the province has been calculated. The highest score of the Preference selection index is assigned to the city of Yasuj, and the city of Dogonbadan with a score of 0.62886 and the city of Dehdasht with a score of 0.36086 are in the second and third ranks. The city of Chitab is ranked 17th and last with a score of 0.02137. Using the Preference selection index, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad cities have been ranked in four levels in terms of access to urban development services. The cities of Yasuj, Dogonbadan and Dehdasht are in the first level. At the second level are the cities of Sisakht and Choram. The cities of Basht, Lende, Margon and Likak are in third place. Finally, in the fourth level, the cities of Sough, Qala-e Raisi, Madvan, Pataveh, Sarfaryab, Lodab, Dishmuk and Chitab are located.

Dust is one of the common phenomena in arid and semi-arid regions and can have significant effects on the climatic conditions of an area. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the dusts in Kohkiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad provinces. In this regard, codes 6, 7, 8, 9, 31, 32 and 35 of dusts were investigated at Yasouj, Dugonbadan, Thay, Dehdasht, Likak and Imamzadeh Jafar stations on daily, monthly and annual basis. At first, the frequency of daily, monthly and yearly codes was checked at all stations and their daily calendar was prepared. Then the zoning maps from all of the codes were mapped in the months of the year and finally, the number of days with dust was investigated at Yasouj and Dogonbodan stations. The results showed that Dogonbadan Station with the frequency of 2381 had the highest dust incidence during the statistical period. The review of codes indicates that the two codes 6 and 7 were the most frequent at all stations. Code 6 at Dogonbadan, Likak, Imamzadeh Jafar and Thirud stations in 2012 was at Yasouj Station in 2009 and at Dehdasht station in 2008, with the highest frequency. Code 7 was also reported at Dogonbadan Station in 1992 and at Yasouj Station in 1371. The process of dusts at Yasouj and Dogonbadan stations also indicate that both cold-run stations in the year have had a drought-reducing process and the warm months have not been trendy. Both stations showed an increasing trend on an annual basis

Eco-tourism is a branch of tourism in which people who are interested in nature and voyagers are involved in order to enjoy being in nature and seeing its attractions, haunting and observing wild life, and so on. The geographical and area-based investigation of the nature in Iran proved that eco-tourism can be considered as a stable economic income. Bahmaee city located in Kohliloye-and-Boyer-Ahmad Province always suffered from lots of problems due to issues including the poorness of residents. One of the major steps in order to deviate poorness, prepare jobs, and develop the city multi-dimensionally is to apply all available facilities and resources in the city based on a knowledge-based management, the research studies of scholars, and place-based systems in managing tourism. Aiming to identify potential tourism development, this paper investigated the effective factors, in prioritizing potential tourism destinations, including precipitation and weather, topography, land usage, accessibility, distance from gosal and protected areas, lakes, and rivers using analytical-descriptive approach based on the identification, preparation, and prioritization model. Finally, the diagram of output maps was analyzed. The findings revealed that the Sar-e-Asiab-Yousefi and Mambi districts and the Likak and Kafshkonan districts had the highest and the lowest eco-tourism areas, respectively.