Single Point Mooring or contraction SPM is Floating structures that are commonly used in deep water .SPM used for mooring of vessel and transport of oil and gas production from the shore by pipeline to the tanker . The main task of this kind of floating structures, spm mooring should be considered. Properly mooring increase efficiency and ability to perform the task in different environmental conditions for SPM. Floating structures for exposure to harmonic loads such as wave load, should be fatigue analysis. One of the important factors that affect the fatigue is length of mooring line as length of mooring line changes is inversely related to fatigue of mooring line changes. in this paper, SPM with 3-line mooring modeled with ANSYS-AQWA and fatigue analysis of mooring line has been studied in 4 condition of incident wave and 5 condition of length of mooring line.

This paper proposes a simultaneous approach to manage congestion, evaluate congestion cost, and to allocate this cost among consumers in a short-run market model. The proposed method consists of an iterative algorithm to search and apply a sequence of the best feasible bilateral power exchange among the generators that would optimally reduce and completely remove the congestion. The best exchanges are selected using sensitivity analysis and the AC load flow is used to apply the selected exchange on the system. Congestion cost is calculated using the change in generation cost and divided among the overloaded lines regarding the change in power flow of these lines, after applying the selected exchange. Following each exchange, the costs are allocated to consumers based on the generalized load distribution factors, which are calculated on the system operating condition. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is illustrated in two case studies on the standard IEEE 14 and 118-bus systems, and the results discussed and compared with the other methods in the paper.

This paper presents an algorithm for adaptive determination of the dead time during transient arcing faults and blocking automatic reclosing during permanent faults onoverhead transmission lines. The discrimination between transient and permanent faults ismade by the zero sequence voltage measured at the relay point. If the fault is recognised as an arcing one, then the third harmonic of the zero sequence voltage is used to evaluate the extinction time of the secondary arc and to initiate reclosing signal. The significant advantage of this algorithm is that it uses an adaptive threshold level and therefore its performance is independent of fault location, line parameters and the system operating conditions. The proposed algorithm has been successfully tested under a variety of fault locations and load angles on a 400KV overhead line using Electro-Magnetic Transient Program (EMTP). The test results validate the algorithm ability in determining the secondary arc extinction time during transient faults as well as blocking unsuccessful automatic reclosing during permanent faults.

Proper planning of assembly lines is one of the production managers’ concerns at the tactical level so that it would be possible to use the machine capacity, reduce operating costs and deliver customer orders on time. The lack of an efficient method in balancing assembly line can create threatening problems for manufacturing organizations. The use of assembly line balancing methods cannot balance load distribution on the assembly line which can cause higher depreciation of machinery heir related problems in the assembly line. In the present paper Robin Hood and Johnson algorithm combined approach is used for the problem of load distribution and optimized online load balance, based on the optimized order of works on the assembly line for polymer cover print in Iran Plot Company the results of which are analyzed in terms of creating load balance in the assembly line. The results that we have obtained in the present study include the uniform load distribution of orders to the machines and the presence of reservations and backup machine that causes the production process to continue with a proper sequence and the priority without any interruption.

Urban development and increasing population growth have been accompanied by a considerable growth in mechanized shield tunneling. Commonly, precast segments are used as a tunnel lining, which constitutes the largest portion of tunneling costs. The optimum design of lining that decreases tunneling costs requires an accurate evaluation of loads acting on the lining. In this paper, the eects of ground stratication and geometry, position and weight of the buildings on lining loads are studied. For this purpose, a 3D nite element model is used employing ABAQUS software (Ver. 6.10). The main construction aspects and all main elements of the mechanized excavation are modeled: TBM shield, concrete tunnel lining, support of excavation face, overexcavation, tail gap grouting and progressive hardening of the cement based grout. The geometry of the tunnel, lining segments, the injection grout and surrounding soil properties are adapted from the (under construction) Tabriz urban railway, line 2, project. The results show that ground stratication and building properties have a considerable eect on lining loads, and this eect should be taken into consideration in the design. Based on obtained results for the mentioned case study, surface buildings with 5 and more storeys have a considerable effect on lining loads, especially for shallow tunnels. Also, the geometry of surface buildings in uences the internal forces of the lining; increasing both building width and length increases the lining loads. The building width is the most important parameter of the tunnel and surface building interaction; by increasing this parameter, the in uence of other parameters increases. Also, by com. parison of obtained results in this study with results of 2D analysis, the reliability of 2D models, in order to evaluate lining loads, is investigated. The comparisons show that 3D analysis is superior to 2D analysis, particularly in the presence of surface buildings. The dierence between results increases with a decrease in building length and an increase in tunnel depth and building weight.

Foundations behavior is affected by soil behavior which can vary from dilative to contractive depending on the stress level, particularly in dense frictional soils. A relatively simple work hardening/softening constitutive soil model is developed to represent dense frictional soils behaviors under different stress levels. This model is then implemented into the Zero Extension Lines (ZEL) method to theoretically investigate the ultimate bearing capacity and load-displacement curve of foundations over dense frictional soils. Utilization of this model enables the ZEL method to capture different foundations behavior depending on the foundation size. A numerical study on foundations behavior was performed showing the ability of the presented approach in capturing both general and local shear failure mechanisms which results in different load-displacement curves.

Static voltage stability is considered as one of the main issues for primary identification before voltage collapsing in distribution systems. Although, the optimum siting of distributed generation resources in distribution electricity network can play a significant role in voltage stability improving and losses reduction, the high penetration level of them can lead to reduction in the improvement of load-ability. Moreover, the rapid variation and types of loads in distribution networks will have a significant impact on the maximum load-ability across the whole system. In this paper, a modified voltage stability index is presented with regard to distributed generation units (DG) along with two-tier load model. By applying the Imperialist Competition Algorithm (ICA), the best size of DG with corresponding of DG placement is used to improve the voltage stability and reducing the losses. It is shown in the paper that the DG penetration level can have influence on load-ability of the system and also the voltage regulators performance. The simulation results on the standard IEEE-13 Bus test feeder illustrate the precision of studies method and the load-ability limits in the system, taking into account the high penetration level of distributed generation units.

With the increased use of wind power in power systems, the necessity of revision of conventional deterministic approaches is indisputable. Presenting new and effective methods based on uncertainty modeling is greatly emphasized. In this paper, a new method for investigating the robust security constrained-optimal power flow (RSCOPF) is proposed, which is not only able to comply with security constraints but also robust to the uncertainty of electrical demand loads and wind power generation. The proposed approach is based on the definition of uncertain loads and wind power generation and uses the Taguchi orthogonal array technique (TOAT), for the first time, a technique which is adopted to solve the RSCOPF by applying the alternating current power flow (ACPF) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Also, some security analyses are presented to introduce the most critical lines and generation units whose loss imposes the highest operating costs on the network. The case study simulation on the IEEE 14-bus system using MATLAB software demonstrates the ability of the proposed algorithm.

One of mal-operations of the transformer differential protection during the unload transformer energizing with additional line/load from the supplying side is ultra-saturation phenomenon. In this paper، first a new model according to Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) algorithm for investigating the ultra-saturation phenomenon during the unload transformer energizing with additional line/load from the supplying side is presented and its effect on the differential protection of the transformer is considered. In this model، the nonlinear characteristic of the transformer core and the effect of current transformer are taken into account. It is assumed that the additional line/load from the supplying side of the power transformer is a resistive-inductive load. Also، the effect of the residual flux، inception angle and additional line/load from the supplying side on the ultra-saturation phenomenon is investigated. Then، the mal-operation of differential protection by using DFT algorithm is described.

Demand allocation pattern is one of the key factors in water distribution networks. Due to population growth and more demand need for water, water resource allocation pattern requires more attention. According to the studies available, unfortunately few studies have been conducted on these issues in the context of Iran. Therefore demand allocation pattern to consumption nodes in water distribution networks seems to be neglected to some extent. Taking this existing gap, this study was an attempt to survey Hydraulic simulation of water allocation to each consumption nodes in WaterGEMS software. In this study WaterGems and ArcGIS are used in order to allocate of demand to the consumption nodes in the Ilam University (IRAN). For this, the shape files of studied area border, elevation points, population density in different locations of the university provided using ArcGIS software. This study was done by utilizing there population density, point load data and area load data. The results are presented via the tables and diagrams. Results showed that the maximum required for water distribution network using population density was obtained as 30.48 liters per second. Also, maximum need for the network using point load data and area load data were calculated as 27.23 liters per second. The water transmission line has the ability to pump approximate 17.61 liter per second while the needed for distribution network is more than this amount of water. As a result, transmission line design is not appropriate.