Relationship approach is a perspective for studying the interaction and relationship of the individual with himself/herself, God, nature and others in order to recognize personality. General overview to Quranic Verses, Ahadis and point of view of the great Muslim thinkers was the basis of these four relationships to understand the human personality. Martyr Sadr, classified the set of Islamic educational methods in the four main forms. Ayatollah Javadi Amoli, accordingly have set his book (Mafatih’ol Hayat), and some other Muslim scholars have pointed to these four relationships. According to analysis of four relationships, were told that people, who are more connected with nature, are decisions that contribute to the environment. Believing that God is the basis of safety, ones will feel a sense of power. The process of effective relationship with others could be return to history of one’s attachment. Then the relationship with himself (herself) explained. Finally, for the recognition of the different components of personality, a cross table of four interactions of relationships is presented.

The main purpose of this study is to identify and investigate the factors affecting the credit risk of knowledge-based companies located in Science and Technology Parks of Semnan province and to present an appropriate model. The statistical population of the study includes all 68 knowledge-based companies of Semnan province that have been active in Science and Technology Parks of Semnan province during 2016, 2017 and 2018. For this purpose, the logit Regression Model with a qualitative dependent variable with zero value for non-deferred companies (risk-free) and one for companies with deferred (risky) with 6 explanatory variables including variables of concentration ratio, company history, type of documents, history of borrowing, history of returned checks and profitability were proposed and introduced. The source of data collection of dependent variable and explanatory variables, other than the concentration ratio, is the integrated inquiry system of Central Bank. Also, to calculate the concentration ratio variable, using the microdata of Iran's industrial sector in the years under study, the concentration ratio of 5 firms in terms of employment by two-digit industry codes (ISIC) was estimated by fitting the lognormal parametric model. Then, the structure of the industry was identified and the position of the studied companies in this structure was determined. Finally, with the help of Eviews software, all variables were entered into the model and fitted. According to the results, the variables of concentration ratio, type of collateral and profitability have a significant negative effect on credit risk; That is, by increasing each of these variables, assuming the other variables remain constant, the probability of facility deferral or credit risk decreases. Also, the variables of returned checks history, borrowing history and company history with a positive and significant effect, have the greatest impact on increasing credit risk. Out of 68 knowledge-based companies in Semnan province, 45 companies are in the structure of monopoly competition, 2 companies are in the structure of multilateral monopoly and 21 companies are in the structure of full competition.

Researching of Islamic historiography texts will be considered as a path for understanding Muslims thinking way about the past Islamic first centuries. For this issue we can have a different viewpoint to these texts, by selecting an interpretive theoretical and, a semantic approach. By this theoretical method, the data is a report of the past incidents to reader –with an equal claim to event objectivity- based on authors of these texts, understanding and interpreting. On this basis, their reporting way of the past events can indicate their believes, value system and what is named as a historian ideology‚ thus this ideological perceptive from the past, transfers a special meaning and image to reader and the past history gets another meaning in this representation and reconstruction. This action-consciously or unconsciously-is done in background of historian time's requirement and necessities. So, with the recognition of meaning and sense of historian's representation, we can understand the historian motive that propelled to return to history and write it with his attitude. Because a historian belongs to a specific intellectual context and social forces who believe that contexts, he considers their interests and ideological and political beliefs for representing. So, the history will be reviewed and represented from that social force view.In this article, the history book of Khaliphe-ibn-Khayat is investigated as the first sample of Islamic public history. The findings of the paper shows Ibn-e-Khayat has looked to the past history of Islamic caliphate based on ahle hadis view and for this reason he has pushed the Khavarej, Iranians and Turks to margin and has cosideres them aliens, and has given prominence to the Arabic/Islamic identity and Islamic caliphal authority.

Women in the Egyptian and Iranian society have played a prominent role in contemporary social and political events whereas Creative female personalities, such as the Iranian “Simin Daneshvar” and the Egyptian “Radwi Ashour”, appeared in the novel. In fact, they were interested in portraying the role of women in society through the writing of the novels "Siraj" by Radwa Ashour and “Savushun” by Simin Daneshvar. For this reason, the research has dealt with the overlap of the two narratives and on the general discourse prevailing over them in order to stand on the faces of the intended discourse of these two writers, approaching the analytical descriptive method, based on the realist school according to the feminist critical comparison approach in light of the American school of comparative literature. The research found that the two narratives overlap in terms of monitoring the social contents and real events in their society, and for this reason, the prevailing discourse became embodied in the historical discourse, and a return to history to monitor a social discourse to depict the role of women in Iranian and Arab society, while the two narratives abound with intense vocabulary, expressions and descriptions that depict women. In vocabulary and expressions so that an attempt was made to suggest the role of women and broadcast the woman’s voice through internal dialogue and retrieval of time from history, and for this the end of the two novels was a pioneering role for women in a feminist discourse and this stage passed through an emotional experience of the writers with social events and political facts in their Iranian and Arab countries for an honest expression that fulfills the feminist discourse And historical passing through the heritage.

From the late 1980s, the development-oriented paradigm has become a dominant approach in China's foreign policy. Hereby, Beijing tries to absorb the international resources in its national economy. After four decades, the Chinese economy has made remarkable progress by applying peaceful interactive foreign policy. Beijing now has substantial oversea economic and political interests. Maintaining and expanding these interests are top priority in China's foreign policy. But pure emphasis on economy in foreign policy will not materialize the mentioned priority. China's fifth-generation elites are aware about this shortcoming. So in Xi Jinping's era, China's development-oriented foreign policy has faced with modifications. Therefore, this question comes up that how the range and continuity of China’s development-oriented foreign policy has been in the Xi Jinping period? Even though Xi Jinping has commitment to China's development oriented foreign policy; but it has attached with more Political-military assertiveness. This hypothesis will be tested in the framework of Adrian Leftwich developmental state theory as well as Robert Kagan’s theory on history. This research has been undergone by descriptive-analytic method.

The religions of ancient Iran encompass a wide range of religious developments, which in terms of phenomenological studies is a readable example of the evolution of the history of religions.In the history of religions, at the beginning of the religious life of every ethnic group, primitive religions ruled; So that the intention of all religious phenomena is focused on the meaning of primitive religions, namely naturalism, tribalism, eternal return to the beginning of history and patriotism,But suddenly prophets appear in some lands of the world and invite people to the center of monotheistic meaning.After this stage, the history of religions becomes the arena of conflict between primitive and monotheistic religions, and primitive religions resist and return to the monotheistic message in various forms.In the religions of ancient Iran, this process of religious transformation is also quite evident, so that first the primary beliefs of the Aryans are prevalent, and then Zoroaster emerges as a prophet and the call for monotheism. But immediately after his death, we are faced with the widespread return of early Zoroastrian religions.In the present article, we will examine this process of religious transformation in the religions of ancient Iran with the method of phenomenology of religion.

The continuity of Christianity as a living religion in the world depends on the belief in Messiah in all its manifestations. One of the essential manifestations of the belief is wonderful return and appearance of Messiah at the end of history. This is one of the beliefs in the majority of Christian society. When believing the messiah is prized by living through him and returning to this world with him and living forever in the holy heavens beside him, a faithful Christian is doubtlessly awaiting his return to live with him in the Godly heavens. The New Testament, as the Christian belief manifesto, clarifies this return state for the Christians. This precept is reflected well in the older part of the Testament like the first and the second letter of Pulos to Tsalonikians. In this article, we set to discuss this issue considering some relevant Ayahs and understand its deity value in this way. It should be noted that the Resurrection of the dead, Final Judgment, and the end of history are relevant issues that will be researched because of their strong links with the Return of the Messiah.

Shiites believe that some special people return and live again in the end of history when imam zaman appears. Returning is a believe that oppositions try to alter ate it by questions and lots of doubts.
So, for proving and strengthening returning believing and also for responding to doubts and oppositions question, exploring about returning is necessary. On the other hand for women society that for me half of human population also some question are propounded, including this is that; will women participate in the returning time when imam rises and forms MAHDI universal government? For responding to above question about returning an exploration has been done as follows:In the present essay, at first it has been proceeded to the issue of knowing returning conception and then to proving returning subject from the view of intelligence and narration. Next issue which is important issue about returning is philosophy and returning goal which it has been considered. Also it has been preceded to person and groups and lots of women who returning include them have been called and last the essay ends with a conclusion.

The question posed in the present article is that, in spite of the claim posed by Fukuyama himself, how much his "end of history" may be of a Hegelian origin. In this article, as an introduction, some points will be discussed concerning "end" including "end of history"; then, Fukuyama's idea will be discussed on the basis of his The End of History and the Last Man. Then, as required by the context of article, the author will reflect upon Kojève's interpretation of Hegel; finally, he will return to the main question of the article, criticize Fukuyama's claim for Hegelian origin, and mention differences between him and Hegel.

Tuned mass dampers (TMDs) are a combination of mass, spring, and damper that are added to a structure to reduce its response to lateral excitation, such as wind forces and earthquake excitation, especially in the displacement range. Due to the very rich frequency content of earthquake excitation, the use of TMDs in steel moment frames does not necessarily improve the structural behavior under all earthquake excitations. Exclamation The time-history method is a new nonlinear dynamic method for estimating the behavior of structures under earthquake excitation. In this analysis method, the structure is subjected to an artificial incremental excitation. The results of the nonlinear time history analysis show that the TMD reduces the average maximum roof displacement under selected ground motion records. The performance of the TMD also improves with increasing mass ratio and increasing building height. Adding a TMD to steel moment frames reduces the average maximum roof acceleration under selected ground motion records and also reduces the average maximum base shear of the building. The time-history method estimation of the maximum roof displacements of the structure at a hazard level equivalent to a 475-year return period earthquake is also 10% to 20% less than the nonlinear time-history method. Exclamation The time-history method estimation of the maximum roof acceleration of the structure at a hazard level equivalent to a 475-year return period earthquake is also 10% to 20% more than the nonlinear time-history method. Exclamation The time-history method estimation of the maximum base shear of the structure at the considered hazard level is also 5% to 15% more than the nonlinear time-history method.