In recent years, the research on the Iranian Chrysididae has been extremely prolific, thanks to the efforts of different teams. After the first checklist published by Rosa et al. (2013), more than one hundred taxa of cuckoo wasps have been recorded as new for Iran, including nine taxa described as new for science. Moreover, major modifications impacted the taxonomy of the family with two genera revaluated (Chrysellampus Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1932 and Colpopyga Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1954), Pseudochrysis Semenow, 1891 reintroduced for Pseudospinolia Linsenmaier, 1951; the description of the genus Morphochrysis Rosa & Pavesi, 2023 and several taxonomical changes to species level which were published and that deeply changed the first checklist, namely. As a consequence of all these fragmented changes, we propose a new, updated checklist of the Iranian species, to summarize all the new findings published in the last years. We describe eleven new species for science, Chrysis amerii Rosa & Farhad, sp. nov., C. chamrosh Rosa, sp. nov., C. crenulata Rosa, sp. nov., C. edentata Rosa & Baiocchi, sp. nov., C. peri Rosa & Baiocchi, sp. nov. and C. titanica Rosa, sp. nov. (succincta group), C. mediasignata Rosa, sp. nov. (leachii group), C. heimi Rosa, sp. nov. (maculicornis group), C. simurgh Rosa, sp. nov. (subsinuata group), Chrysura filidichroa Rosa, sp. nov. (dichroa group) and Hedychridium personatum Rosa, sp. nov. with its own new species-group. We report twenty-six new records of Chrysidinae for Iran: Chrysidea disclusa (Linsenmaier, 1959); Chrysis afghanica Linsenmaier, 1968; C. cylindrica Eversmann, 1858; C. echidna Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967; C. grohmanni bolivari Mercet, 1902; C. klio Balthasar, 1953; C. laetula Semenov-Tian-Shanskij & Nikol'skaya, 1954; C. leuconoe Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967; C. maracandensis Radoszkowski, 1877; C. mirabilis Radoszkovsky, 1877; C. mossulensis Abeille de Perrin-du Buysson, 1887; C. pseudobrevitarsis Linsenmaier, 1951; C. robertsi Rosa, 2020; C. rutilans Olivier, 1791; C. turcomana Semenov-Tian-Shanskij & Nikol'skaya, 1954; Chrysura laodamia laodamia (du Buysson, 1900); Euchroeus pellucidus (Radoszkowski, 1877); Hedychridium bytinskii Linsenmaier, 1959; H. mochii Strumia, 1994; H. plagiatum (Mocsáry, 1883); Hedychrum concinnum (Mocsáry, 1909); H. semicyaneum Mocsáry, 1889; Spinolia stchurovskyi (Radoszkowski, 1877); Spintharina extrema (Semenov-Tian-Shanskij & Nikol’skaya, 1954), and S. houskai (Balthasar, 1953). The current number of known taxa has therefore increased from 185 (179 species and 6 subspecies) to 315 (306 species + 9 subspecies). Hedychrum persicum Mocsáry, 1914 stat. nov. is upgraded to species rank. Chrysis chrysophora Semenow, 1892 and Hedychrum cyaneum Brullé, 1846 are considered nomina dubia and the latter as incertae sedis. Chrysis dawahi Strumia, 2012 is considered nomen nudum. The majority of chrysidid species in Iran (77.64%) are found exclusively in the Western Palearctic region. Among these, 21% are restricted to the Western Palaearctic. A thorough discussion is also provided on unreliable and doubtful species records.

Damask rose (Rosa × damascena) is one of the most significant species of Rosaceae family scattered in mountain regions of Iran from west lands to central and eastern hills of the country. R. × damascena has considerable applications in pharmaceuticals and perfumeries and has been the subject of vast research. Extensive studies on genotypes of R. × damascena in Iran have shown considerable diversity in this species, and this could represent Iran as a potential hub for genetic diversification and improvement of its cultivars. The species seems to be the most important direct ancestor of North West cultivars in Europe in sect. Rosa, genus Rosa which is thought to be a hybrid with three parents of wild Rosa species, and R. moschata species is its Asian female parent. Based on the evidence from fossils of the genus Rosa, it has been suggested that Asia is the ancestral area for Rosa genus, and the Synstylae lineage in Europe is probably the oldest group that has expanded from Asia about 30 million years ago. The phylogeny of this difficult genus shows presentation of an evolutionary framework requires more in-depth studies.

More than 104 aphid species are living on Rosa spp. in the world. So far, only 14 of them were reported from Iran. In this study, besides the species already living on Rosa in Iran, two aphid taxa, i.e., Maculolachnus sijpkensi Hille Ris Lambers, 1962, and M. submacula (Walker, 1848) (Hem.: Aphididae) living on Rosa beggeriana are reported for the first time from Iran. Biometric data and biological characteristics of these two aphid species are given. An identification key to the apterous viviparous female aphids living on Rosa in Iran is provided.

The aim of this work was the translation, cultural adaptation and validation of the Persian version of the Rapid Office Stress Assessment (ROSA) checklist. Material & This methodological study was conducted according of IQOLA method. 100 office worker were selected in order to carry out a psychometric evaluation of the ROSA checklist by performing validity (face and convergent) analyses. The convergent validity was evaluated using RULA checklist. Upon major changes made to the ROSA checklist during the translation/cultural adaptation process, face validity of the Persian version was obtained. Spearman correlation coefficient between total score of ROSA check list and RULA checklist was significant (r=0.76, p The results indicated that the translated version of the ROSA checklist is acceptable in terms of face validity, convergent validity in target society, and hence provides a useful instrument for assessing Iranian office workers

Rosa canina L. is a member of Rosaceae family, which is well-known for its high phenolic contents. These compounds are known to possess antioxidant and antiradical effects. In order to compare the antioxidant and antiradical activity of wild Rosa phenolic extracts, two wild Rosa species (Rosa canina L. and Rosa pimpinellifolia L.) were selected from Takab, Oshnavieh and Qasemloo Valley of Urmia, West Azerbaijan province, Iran, in 2011. The fruits of R. canina and R. pimpinellifolia were collected and then methanolic extracts were prepared from these fruits. The extract's total phenolic and flavonoid contents and scavenging capacity for radicals nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide, and DPPH were analyzed. Fruit extracts, respectively, had a range of 176.48 ± 2.71 and 225.65 ± 2.50 mg gallic acid equivalents /100 g methanolic extract in total phenolic content, 0.41± 0.02 and 2.02 ± 0.03 mg quercetin/100 g methanolic extract in total flavonoid content, 22.41 ± 0.64% and 58.10 ± 0.72% in hydrogen peroxide, 79.16 ± 0.61% and 87.78 ± 0.10% in DPPH, and 76.93 ± 2.31% and 236.76 ± 16.04% in nitric oxide radical scavenging percentage. The findings suggested that radical scavenging capacities of R. canina and R. pimpinellifola extracts in different populations positively correlated with phenolic content.

Rosa freitagii Ziel. is reported as a new species for the flora of Iran from South Khorassan province. This species is morphologically compared with its closely related species، Rosa moschata Herrm.، previously recorded for Iran. Illustrations، distribution map and notes on biogeography، conservation status and habitats of R. freitagii are provided. Furthermore، previous reports concerning the peresence of Rosa webbiana Wall. in Iran and R. boissieri Crép in Khorassan will be discussed.

In this experiment for evaluation the effects of different levels of Rosa canina L. fruit on performance, egg traits and blood parameters, total of 288 Hy-line (W36) laying hens from 35 to 46 weeks were allocated to the experimental units in a completely randomized design in 6 treatments with 4 replicates of 12 hens each replicate. The dietary levels of Rosa canina L. fruit included in the study were: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 % of diets. The results showed that use of Rosa canina L. fruit up to 5% in diets improved the egg production, egg quality traits and blood parameters compared to the control group (P<0.05). The best performance, the lowest feed price for each kilogram of eggs, the best egg quality traits and the lowest amount of uric acid in blood were observed with 3% of Rosa canina L. fruit. The lowest amounts of hematocrit, hemoglobin and red blood cells were seen in diet with 5% of Rosa canina L. fruit. Whereas, the lowest percentage of heterophle and the lowest ratio of heterophle/lymphocyte were observed with 2% of Rosa canina L. fruit. The overall results indicated that in laying hens, 3% of Rosa canina L. fruit in contrast with other experimental groups, significantly improve performance, egg quality traits, blood parameters and feed price for each kilogram of eggs.

Invasive plant control is a significant challenge for natural resources management. Rosa persica (Michx ex. Juss.) is one of the invasive species in Iran. It has been rapidly expanded to the areas where it has introduced. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of five treatments: 1) control, 2) fire, 3) cutting, 3) tilling, 4) chemical techniques (glyphsate application) in controlling the expansion of Rosa persica in a degraded rangeland plant community (Rosa persica dominant type) in Markazi province. An experiment was arranged in split plots based on a completely randomized block design with four replications for three consecutive years. We found that the combined methods have played a more effective roles in controlling the Rosa persica and among these methods; fire combined with chemical techniques appeared to be a better option for reducing the abundance of Rosa persica. Also, fire combined with the mechanical removal of the above-ground and fire combined with the mechanical removal of the root reduced population size of Rosa persica, as comapred with the control, however, no significant difference (P<0.05) was found between the two methods. Thus, because of the disturbance in the soil, as a result of the mechanical removal of root, we recommend the use of fire combined with cutting instead of tilling to reduced Rosa persica.

Intense physical activity is associated with the production and increase of lactate, lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase. In the present study, the effects of consuming honey Rosa Canina L. solutions were investigated in comparison with Red Bull on the levels of lactate, lactate dehydrogenase and creatinine kinase after three quasi-competitive kickboxing matches in kickboxing men. A practical and semi-experimental study method was applied. The statistical population of this study consisted of athletes from Mazandaran province, from which 32 athletes were randomly divided into 4 groups of placebo, honey, Rosa Canina L. and Red Bull. Blood samples were collected before, immediately, 60 and 120 minutes after the test and the above variables were measured by enzymatic calorimetry. Repeated measures ANOVA was used for data analysis. Lactate levels increased immediately after training in the Red Bull group compared to placebo and in the honey and Rosa Canina L. groups showed a significant decrease compared to Red Bull. Lactate (120 min) showed a significant decrease in honey and Rosa Canina L. groups compared to placebo and red bull. The levels of lactate dehydrogenase (60 and 120 minutes) in honey and Rosa Canina L. groups compared to placebo and also Red Bull and creatine kinase in honey and Rosa Canina L. groups compared to red bull (60 and 120 minutes) showed a significant decrease. The results of this study show the effectiveness of honey and Rosa Canina L. solutions compared to Red Bull in increasing the performance of athletes and reducing fatigue indices.

The aim of research work was to formulate bio-flexy films using a novel biopolymer isolated from Rosa polyanthapetals containing tiagabine as a model drug. The soft palate drug delivery helps bypass first-pass metabolism in the liver and pre-systemic elimination in the gastrointestinal tract gets avoided. Tiagabine, anticonvulsant drug possesses t1/2:7-9 hours (low); protein binding: 96%; water solubility: 22mg/L enhances acts as selective GABA reuptake inhibitor. Side effects include abdominal pain, pharyngitis, suicidal thoughts and sudden unexpected death. Rosa polyantha biopolymer used as bio-excipient due to its biodegradability, biocompatibility, non-toxicity, non-reactiveness on soft palatal surface. Physicochemical characterization of biopolymer displayed inbuilt filmability, mucoadhesivity properties. Bio-flexy films were prepared by solvent casting technique. Formulations containing different ratios of nanosized Tiagabine: Rosa polyantha biopolymer (1:0.5, 1:1; 1:3, 1:5, 1:6, 1:10) (FRT1-FRT6) were prepared and compared with nanosized Tiagabine loaded Sodium CMC standard flexy films (FET1-FET6). The percentage yield of Rosa polyantha biopolymer was found to be 2.24±0.01%. Evaluation parameters for formulations revealed Thickness of nanosized Tiagabine loaded bio-flexy films containing Rosa polyantha biopolymer (FRT1-FRT6): 0.027 mm±0.005 to 0.039±0.004 mm, Folding Endurance: 83-130, Surface pH: 7.00±0.04 to 7.00±0.01, Weight Uniformity: 0.008±0.05 to 0.044±0.03, Drug Content Uniformity: 85.6%±0.48 to 94.8%±0.37, Swelling Percentage: 66%±0.2 to 75%±0.1, Percentage Moisture Uptake (PTU): 2.5%±0.14 to 3.8%±0.10. Mucoadhesivity: 90-1440 mins, Mucoretentivity: 110-240 mins. Drug release pattern for formulations FRT1-FRT6 containing Rosa polyantha biopolymer based on the T50% and T80% was found to be FRT5 (1:6) > FRT4 (1:5) > FRT6 (1:10) > FRT1 (1:0.5)> FRT3 (1:3) > FRT2 (1:1). Based on all above mentioned evaluation parameters, FRT5 (containing Tiagabine: Rosa polyantha biopolymer (1:6)) bio-flexy film having R2= 0.9295, Higuchi Matrix as best fit model, follows Fickian Diffusion (Higuchi Matrix) release mechanism, T50%: 7hrs., T80%: 30 hrs. using BITS Software 1.12 was found to be Best formulation.